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test over rocks
test over rocks and their cycle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| foliated | texture of a metamorphic rock which the minerals grains are formed planes or bands |
| nonfoliated | texture of a metamorphic rock which the grains are not arranged in planes or bands |
| types of foliated rock | gneiss, slate, schist |
| how does igneous rock form | it forms from cooled magma |
| what are 3 ways magma can form | when rock is heated, when pressure is released, when rock changes composition |
| composition | when fluid combines with the rock the melting point of the rock lowers, magma has a different composition than the original rock |
| felsic rocks | light colored, less dense than dark colored rock, rich in aluminum, potassium, sodium, silicon |
| mafic rocks | dark colored rock, rich in calcium, iron, magnesium, but poor in silicon |
| cooling length | closer to the surface os a volcano the finer the grain |
| intrusive rock | rock that forms below the surface of the earth |
| extrusive | forms above the surface of the earth |
| plutons | intrusive; large and irregular shaped |
| batholiths | intrusive; the largest formations |
| stocks | intrusive; smaller formations |
| sills | intrusive; sheetlike, oriented parallel |
| fissures | long cracks through the earths surface so lava can flow through it |
| lava plateau | if a large amount of lava flows out of fissures and forms a new plain |
| clastic | form when fragments bond together |
| chemical | forms when mineral crystalizes out of solution |
| chemical rock example | sea water rock |
| organic | forms from the remains of plants and animals that have once lived |
| fossiliferous limestone | forms from the remains of reads sea animals that have been cemented together |
| how does fossilferous limestone form | coral, mollusks, clams, oysters, mussels |
| coal | a type of organic sedimentary rock |
| how does coal form | forms when plants materials is buried beneath years of sediment |
| stratification | the arrangement of sedimentary rock into layers |
| strata | the name of individual layers |
| how can the strata vary | size, kind, and color of the sediment that forms in the strata |
| ripplemarks | can reveals the direction of wind and sand on sand dunes |
| bentonite | form of clay which is a sedimentary rock |
| how much cane bentonite expand | 300% |
| what is bentonite used for | cat litter, artificial pools, remove impurities from wine, many applications for oil drilling |
| meta | change |
| morphos | shape |
| metamorphic rock | rocks in which the structure texture or composition has changed |
| contact metamorphism | when rock is heated by nearby magma |
| where does contact metamorphism form | near igneous rock |
| regional metamorphism | when a rock undergoes intense pressure and pieces of the earth crust collides with each other |
| what happens to a rock that is buried deep beneath the earth surface do in regional metamorphism | it experiences enough pressure that is chemically changes the rock |
| index minerals | are minerals that form only in metamorphism rock at certain temperature and pressure |
| what is index minerals used for | they are used to determine the depth pressure and temperature of which the metamorphic rocks are formed |
| foliated metamorphic rocks | form from minerals that are flat |
| why is foliated rocks easy to recognize | because they are arranged in planes or bands |
| what are examples of foliated rocks | slate, phylite, schist, gneiss |
| what is foiled rock produced of a result of | regional metamorphism |
| nonfoliated | does not have alignment of mineral grains |
| whats are the results of contact metamorphism that involves very high temperature | nonfoliated metamorphic rocks |
| when does recrystalizzation occur | during the formation of nonfoliated rocks |
| recrystallization | when minerals change size or even composition |
| deformation | change of the shape of a rock caused by a force placed on it |
| what does deformation cause | folds on the rock |
| what is a process in which sediment its removed from its source | erosion |
| describe how each type of rock go throughout the rock cycle | sedimentary rock goes through heat and pressure which turns into metamorphic rock which then melts into magma which then cools then turns into igneous rock then goes through weathering and erosion which turns into sedimentary rock again |
| when involves metamorphic rocks | foliated and non foliated |
| which involves sedimentary rock | organic, clastic, and chemical |
| which involves igneous rock | intrusive and extrusive |
| which rock comes from the word change | metamorphic |
| what force can create metamorphic rocks | heat and pressure |
| shale | a sedimentary rock made of layers of clay |
| slate | a foliated metamorphic rock made from shale |
| phyllite | a meatmorphic rock made from slate that has been subjected to heat and pressure |
| schist | a metamorphic rock made from phyllite that has been exposed to heat and pressure |
| gneiss | a rock which coarse-grained minerals separate into distinct bands |
Created by:
maggie_mullen
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