the larger of the two general kinds of nucleotide base found in DNA and RNA; a nitrogenous base with a double-ring structure, such as adenine or guanine

the smaller of two general kinds of nucleotide base found in DNA and RNA; a nitrogenous base with a single-ring structure, such as cytosine, thymine, or uracil

1. the proportion of A always equals that of T, and the proportion of G is always equal to that of C, or: A=T, and G=C 2. it follows that there is always an equal proportion of purines (A and G) and pyrimidines (C and T)

semiconservative replication

DNA replication in wich each strand of the original duplex serves as the template for construction of a totally new complementary strand, so the original duplex is partially conserved in each of the two new DNA molecules

a class of enzymes that all synthesize DNA from apreexisting template. All synthesize only in the 5'-to-3' direction =, and require a primer to extend

any of a group of enzymes that unwind the two DNA strands in the double helix to facilitate DNA replication

the enzyme that synthesizes the RNA primers required by DNA polymerase

a topoisomerase involved in DNA replication; it relieves the torsional strain cause by unwinding the DNA strands

the enzyme responsible for formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides in DNA

Single-strand binding protein

coats the exposed hydrophobic water bases of the single strands of DNA cuased by the helicase action

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Biology

Chapter 14

Question	Answer
Purine	the larger of the two general kinds of nucleotide base found in DNA and RNA; a nitrogenous base with a double-ring structure, such as adenine or guanine
Pyrimidine	the smaller of two general kinds of nucleotide base found in DNA and RNA; a nitrogenous base with a single-ring structure, such as cytosine, thymine, or uracil
Chargaff's Rule	1. the proportion of A always equals that of T, and the proportion of G is always equal to that of C, or: A=T, and G=C 2. it follows that there is always an equal proportion of purines (A and G) and pyrimidines (C and T)
semiconservative replication	DNA replication in wich each strand of the original duplex serves as the template for construction of a totally new complementary strand, so the original duplex is partially conserved in each of the two new DNA molecules
DNA polymerase	a class of enzymes that all synthesize DNA from apreexisting template. All synthesize only in the 5'-to-3' direction =, and require a primer to extend
Helicase	any of a group of enzymes that unwind the two DNA strands in the double helix to facilitate DNA replication
Primase	the enzyme that synthesizes the RNA primers required by DNA polymerase
Gyrase	a topoisomerase involved in DNA replication; it relieves the torsional strain cause by unwinding the DNA strands
Ligase	the enzyme responsible for formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides in DNA
Single-strand binding protein	coats the exposed hydrophobic water bases of the single strands of DNA cuased by the helicase action

Created by: Caitlin_stafford

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