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Ch.17 (Exam 3)
Earths Interior
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| High _____ is usually an indication of a magma body or still-cooling pluton near the surface. | heat flow |
| Heat flow ______ the crest of the mid-oceanic ridges. | decreases away from |
| Detailed images provided by _____ suggest that the mantle is heterogeneous, probably due to variations in temperature, composition, and density. | seismic reflection |
| What is the asthenosphere? | It is the zone of weakness in the mantle on which the lithosphere moves. |
| ___ indicates that the core of the Earth is a liquid | The S-wave shadow zone |
| _______ is a balance or equilibrium of adjacent blocks of brittle crust floating on the upper mantle. | Isostasy |
| The rock record for tens of millions of years indicates that the Earth's magnetic field ____. | reverses polarity about every 500,000 years |
| Seismic P-waves _____ through continental crust relative to oceanic crust. | travel slower |
| The rise of the crust after removal of ice is called ____. | crustal rebound |
| Continental crust is ___ relative to oceanic crust | thicker |
| Because _____ can be accurately calculated, the size and shape of the core can be determined. | P-wave paths |
| The boundary that separates the crust from the mantle is the ____. | Mohorovicic discontinuity |
| The study of ancient magnetic fields is called ____. | paleomagnetism |
| One widely accepted hypothesis is that the Earth's magnetic field is created by electric currents within the ______. | liquid outer core |
| A region of magnetic force, called the ______ surround Earth. | magnetic field |
| A cavity or body of low-density material causes a _____ pull on a gravity meter relative to average crust. | weaker |
| The gradual loss of heat through the Earth's surface is called ___. | heat flow |
| The P-wave shadow zone can be explained by the refraction of P-waves at the ___. | core-mantle boundary |
| A deviation from average reading is called a(n) ____. | anomaly |
| The bending of seismic waves as they pass from one material to another is called seismic ____. | refraction |
| The upper mantle consists of _______. | ultramafic rocks |
| _____ predicts that the higher a mountain range extends above sea level the deeper it extends into the mantle. | Isostatic adjustment |
| A ____ is a tool used to study the gravitational attraction between Earth and a mass within the instrument. | gravity meter |
| A gravity meter registers _____ over ore bodies. | increased gravity |
| Hot mantle rock rising slowly by convection under parts of the ocean explains ____. | the unexpectedly high heat flow under the oceans |
| The ____ is the transition zone at the core-mantle boundary. | D layer |
| The boundary between the core and the mantle is marked by great changes in ____. | Seismic velocity, density, and temperature are all correct. |
| As lava cools below the _____ point, a record of the Earth's magnetic field is permanently trapped in the rock. | Curie |
| _____ is the branch of geology that applies physical laws and principles to study Earth. | Geophysics |
| Iron-nickel meteorites are an important source of information regarding the composition of Earth's ______. | core |
| _____ is a circulation pattern in which low-density material rises and high-density material sinks. | Convection |
| The ____ is a low velocity seismic zone. | asthenosphere |
Created by:
Thomas.Siu
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