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Ch.10 (Exam 3)
Streams and Floods
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Movement of cobbles and boulders by rolling, sliding, or dragging in a streambed is called ____ load. | traction |
| Floods are described by ____, the average time between floods of a given size. | recurrence interval |
| Streams erode rock and sediment by ___. | All of the above answers are correct |
| ________ are low ridges of flood-deposited sediment that form on both sides of a stream channel and thin away from the channel. | Natural levees |
| In North America, the ___ separates streams that flow into the Pacific Ocean from those that flow into the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. | Continental Divide |
| A(n) ___ is a step-like landform found above a stream and its floodplain. It is a remnant of an older flood plain or river-eroded flat surface. | stream terrace |
| A ____ drainage pattern is one in which streams diverge outward likes spokes on a wheel. | radial |
| ___ is/are sudden localized floods of large volume and short duration, often triggered by heavy rainstorms. | Flash floods |
| A(n) ___ stream flows in a network of rivulets (subchannels) around numerous sandbars. | braided |
| A river's velocity is faster ____. | along the outside of a meander loop near the cut bank |
| A stream can increase its length by _____. | All of the answers are correct |
| A(n) ____ stream is one that exhibits a delicate balance between its transporting capacity and the sediment load available to it. | graded |
| ___ influences the velocity of a river along with gradient. | Channel shape and roughness |
| A _____ is a ridge of sediment built by sedimentation on the middle or banks of a stream channel. | bar |
| The ______ is the total area drained by a river and its tributaries. | drainage basin |
| The ______ load is sediment light enough to remain lifted indefinitely above the bottom by water turbulence. | suspension |
| The limit to downcutting of a stream is called the ___ level. | base |
| The movement and interchange of water between the sea, air and land can be visualized by the ____. | hydrologic cycle |
| A ridge or strip of ground separating one drainage basin from another is termed a ____. | divide |
| A cutoff meander may become a crescent-shaped __. | oxbow lake |
| On large alluvial fans, the _____ sediment is deposited near the mountains. | coarsest |
| A graded stream can be deepening its channel by down cutting while part of its energy is also widening its valley by ______ erosion. | lateral |
| The gravel bed load of a stream moves by _____. | sliding and rolling |
| The process of deepening of a valley by erosion of a streambed is called __. | down cutting |
| _____ are low ridges of flood deposited sediment that form on either side of a stream channel and thin away from the channel. | Natural levees |
| A stream's discharge is __. | the volume of water passing through a specific point along the stream in a unit of time |
| A "100-year flood" has a _______ percent chance of occurring in any given year. | 1 |
| Discharge is the product of average stream width times average stream depth times ___. | stream velocity |
| _____ refers to sand grain movement in a series of short leaps or bounces off the bottom. | Saltation |
| Rivers may develop pronounced sinuous curves called a ___ pattern. | meandering |
| A(n) __ is the body of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river when the river's velocity decreases. | delta |
| A(n) ___ drainage pattern of a river resembles a tree. | dendritic |
| Flood control structures along the Mississippi River surrounding New Orleans are predominantly _____. | artificial levees |
| _____ meanders are meanders that retain their sinuous pattern as they cut vertically downward below the level at which they originally formed. | Incised |
Created by:
Thomas.Siu
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