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Chapter 2
Ecosystems and Biomes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Producer | an organism that can make it's own food |
| Consumer | an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms |
| Herbivores | consumers that eat only plants |
| Carnivores | consumers that eat only animals |
| Omnivores | consumers that eat both plants and animals |
| Scavenger | a carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms |
| Decomposers | break down wastes and dead organisms and return the raw materials to the ecosystem |
| Food Chain | a series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy |
| Food Web | consists of the many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem |
| Energy Pyramid | shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web |
| Water Cycle | the continuous process by which water moves from Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back |
| Evaporation | the process by which molecules of liquid water absorb energy and change to a gas |
| Condensation | the process by which a gas changes to a liquid |
| Precipitation | rain,snow,sleet, or hail |
| Nitrogen Fixation | the process of changing free nitrogen into a usable form of nitrogen |
| Biogeography | the study of where organisms live |
| Continental Drift | as the plates move, the continents move with them in a process called.. |
| Dispersal | the movement of organisms from one place to another |
| Exotic Species | an organism that is carried into a new location by people |
| Climate | the typical weather pattern in an area over a long period of time |
| Biome | a group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms |
| Canopy | the tall trees form a leafy roof called the.. |
| Understory | below the canopy, a second layer of shorter trees and vines form an.. |
| Desert | an area that receives less than 25 centimeters of rain per year |
| Grassland | an area that is populated mostly by grasses and other nonwoody plants |
| Savanna | a savanna receives as much as 120 centimeters of rain each year |
| Deciduous Trees | trees that shed their leaves and grow new ones each year |
| Coniferous Trees | trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles |
| Tundra | an extremely cold and dry biome |
| Permafrost | frozen soil |
| Estuary | an estuary, is found where the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean |
| Intertidal Zone | between the highest high-tide and the lowest low-tide line |
| Neritic Zone | below the low-tide line is a region of shallow water called the neritic zone, which extends over the continental shelf |
Created by:
arank
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