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Solar System9thgrade
solar system, oort cloud, comets, asteroids, etc.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| accrete | to gather up |
| coalesce | to get together to make one large object |
| nebulae | huge cloud of dust and gas and location of intense star birth remains of ancient star |
| nebular hypothesis step 1 | nebula formed from star supernova and starts to rotate |
| nebular hypothesis step 2 | collapses into a flat rotating disk with gravity |
| nebular hypothesis step 3 | rings of matter split off with centripetal force |
| nebular hypothesis step 4 | rings coalesce into planets |
| proto-planets | the object made when planetesimals collide |
| where did heat come from | collisions with other objects radioactive decay increasing pressure in the core |
| iron catastrophe | the process when iron and nickel went to the core and lighter silicate liquid rose and made the mantle, iron and nickel made magnetic field around earth |
| giant impact theory | the theory of how the moon was made, when a large mars-sized object collided with earth and then tons of matter spewed out but was trapped in earths gravity to make an orbiting ring that coalesced into the moon |
| elliptical | round object not a circle |
| eccentricity | found by dividing the distance between the foci by the length of the long axis |
| e=0 | circle |
| e=1 | line |
| keplers first law | all planets travel in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus |
| keplers second law | the closer a planet to the sun, the faster it moves |
| keplers third law | peroid squared=distance cubed |
| 1 AU | 150,000,000 kilometers |
| inertia | an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force |
| gravity | an attractive force that exists between 2 objects |
| velocity | speed and direction |
| acceleration | change in velocity |
| newton's first law | a body in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force |
| newtons second law | f=ma |
| newtons third law | for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
| law of gravitation | f=G(m1)(m2)/d squared |
| d | distance between 2 objects in meters |
| what are planets made of? | GASES ROCKS ICES |
| planet | cleared the neighborhood |
| dwarf planet | has no cleared the neighborhood |
| terrestrial planets | inner planets |
| jovian planets | outer planets |
| meteorite | strike earths surface and can leave craters |
| meteor | in earths atmosphere "shooting stars" |
| meteoroid | out of earths atmosphere, smaller than asteroids |
| asteroid | rocky objects with odd shapes that can be several hundred kilometers across |
| comet | like asteroid with trapped ice/frozen gas |
| dust tail | the tail left behind of debris that the sun lights up behind the comet |
| ion tail | tail opposite the sun |
| kuiper belt | short term comets come from here and same general plane as planets |
| oort cloud | long term comets come from here, 50000 AU from the sun, elongated orbit comets |
Created by:
aometz
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