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study guide! ch 7
science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| found in the cytoplasm, this group of structures perform all of the various functions in the cell | organelles |
| fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus | cytoplasm |
| referred to as the " cleanup crews" of the cells | lysosomes |
| named after the italian scientist who first identified it, this organelle transports and processes proteins and other macromolecules | golgi apparatus |
| small, single-celled organisms that do not contain nuclei | prokaryotes |
| found only in plants, this organelle harvests the energy sunlight | chloroplast |
| organelle formed from chromatin as a cell divides | chromosome |
| supporting framework of eukaryotic cells | cytoskeleton |
| organelle that contains nearly all of the cell's DNA, controls all function | nucleus |
| saclike structure in cels where materials such proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and water are stored | vacuole |
| organelle that produces energy from chemical fuel | mitochondrion |
| organism made of cells that contain nuclei | eukaryotes |
| made of RNA and protein this tiny organelle is where protein are assembled | ribosome |
| a cell is able to control and regulate the use of its DNA because the DNA is stored in the cell's_____ | nucleus |
| the_____ surrounds the nucleus | nuclear envelope |
| what is the basic distinction between eukaryotes and prokaryotes? | eukaryotes-contains a nucleus and other organelles, prokaryotes- without nucleus or other organelles |
| Galileo= | credited w/ invention of microscople( 1 lens) |
| hans and zacharias janssen= | invented first compound microscope by placing two lenses in a tube |
| robert hooke= | observes cork through a compound microschope saw tiny, hollow room like sturectures |
| anton van leeuwenhoek= | discoverd single celled, animal like organisms, now called protazans, observed living cells, looked at rainwater, blood etc. |
| matthias scheleiden= | german scientist, carefully studied plant tissue and concluded that all plants are composed of cells |
| theodor schwann | animal tissue also consisted of individual |
| rudolf virchow | proposed that cells are produced from the division of existing cells |
| 3 parts of cell theory | all living organisms are composed of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living orgnaisms, cells arise only from previously existing cells. |
| why are cells limited in size | cells must be large enough to hold all of the necessary material to survive and be small enough to receive nutrients and get rid of waste efficiently |
| cytoskeleton | supporting framework eukaryotic cells |
| rough ER | network of microtubes |
| Smooth ER | membrane are made, metabolize carbohydrates( break down into usable glucose, calcium regulation |
| Large central vacuole | in plants cells that hold water, toxic and mineral |
| cell membrane | serves as a boundry, contols what goes in and out |
| centrioles | build and cast out microtubules that attach chromosomes and pull chromosomes to poles of the cell |
| flagellum | long thin, fibers used for movement( mainly swimming) |
| Vesicle | liquid filled sac, that acts as a storage container and transports material |
| similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell | both have ribosome's, cell membrane, cytoskeleton |
Created by:
Brightonvball
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