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Rocks:
minerals and mixture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| rock | a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter |
| rock cycle | the series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes |
| erosion | the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another |
| deposition | the process in which material is laid down |
| composition | the chemical makeup of a rock, describes either the minerals or other materials in the rock |
| texture | the quality of a rock that is based on the sizes, shapes, and positions of the rock's grains |
| intrusive igneous rock | rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth's surface |
| extrusive igneous rock | rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the Earth`s surface |
| strata | layers of rock |
| stratification | the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers |
| foliated | the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands |
| non foliated | the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arrange in planes or bands |
| sedimentary rock is classified into what 3 categories | clastic sedimentary rock chemical sedimentary rock organic sedimentary rock |
| an igneous rock that cools very slowly has a what type of texture | coarse grained |
| igneous rock forms when what happens | when magma cools and solidifies |
| what is a common structure found in metamorphic rock | fold |
| what are 3 types of metamorphic rock | gneiss slate and schist |
| explain the difference between contact and regional metamorphism | contact metamorphism is metamorphism the occurs near igneous intrusions, where magma come into direct contact with surrounding rock. Regional occurs when big pieces of Earths crust collide causing rock to become deformed and chemically changed over big ar |
| explain how index minerals allow a scientist to understand the history of a metamorphic rock | Because index minerals form only at certain temperatures and pressures, index minerals indicate the tempera- ture, pressure, and depth at which a rock metamorphosed. |
| if you had 2 metamorphic rocks one that has garnet crystals and other that has chlorite crystals which one could have formed at a deeper level in earths crust | garnet crystal |
| a mountain range is located at a boundary where 2 tectonic plate are colliding would most of the metamorphic rock in the mountain range be a product of contact or regional metamorphism | regional metamorphism |
| what is and example of organic sedimentary rock | fossiliferous limestone |
| what are the 3 main categories of sedimentary rock | clastic organic and chemical |
| rocks are classified based on texture and composition which of these 2 properties would be more important for classifying clastic sedimentary rock | texture |
| what is an example of coarse grain felsic and igneous rock | granite |
| what are the 3 ways in which magma can form | temperature pressure and change in composition |
| A mountain range is located at a boundary where two tectonic plates are colliding. Would most of the metamorphic rock in the mountain range be a product of contact metamorphism or regional metamorphism? Explain. | Rock becomes deformed and chemically changed over large areas of Earth’s crust by increases in temperature and pressure that occur when tectonic plates collide. Therefore, most of the rock in the mountain range would be the product of regional metamorphis |
| what are the difference between a dike and a sill | A sill intrudes rock parallel to the surrounding rock layers. A dike cuts across the surrounding rock layers. |
| Which do you think would be easier to break, a foliated rock, such as slate, or a nonfoliated rock, such as quartzite? Explain | Because the grains in a foliated meta- morphic rock are arranged in parallel bands, foliated metamorphic rock would be easier to break than a nonfoliated metamorphic rock |
| If you had two metamorphic rocks, one that has garnet crystals and the other that has chlorite crystals, which one could have formed at a deeper level in the Earth’s crust? Explain your answer. | The rock with garnet crystals would probably have formed deeper in the Earth because the mineral garnet forms at a higher temperature and at a higher pressure than the mineral chlorite. |
| Which rock’s name comes from the Greek words for “changed” and “shape”? | metamorphic |
| What kind of rocks are rocks in which the structure, texture, or composition have been changed? | metamorphic |
| What force or forces can create metamorphic rocks? | heat and pressure |
| What do we call metamorphic rocks in which mineral grains are NOT aligned? | nonfoliated |
| What is the process in which a mineral changes composition during metamorphism called? | recrystallization |
| After quartz limestone has recrystallized, the new rock is called | quartz |
| A naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter is called | rock |
| a continual process by which new rock forms from old rock is called what | the rock cycle. |
| what is the term for the process by which materials is laid down | deposition |
| what is the process in which water wind ice and heat break down rock how is this different from erosion | weathering. erosion is when the sediment is actually removed from its source |
| what determines a rocks composition | the minerals in which the rock contains |
| what process results in magma being formed igneous rock | melting and cooling |
| when sediments are formed what mist happen to them for sedimentary rock to be formed | compaction and cementation |
| if igneous rock is fine grained what can we tell about where it was formed | it was formed on the earths surface |
| what are 2 types of igneous rock | intrusive and extrusive igneous rock |
| where does pressure have to be released for magma to be formed | in order for a solid rock to form a liquid pressure must be released in order for the particles to form magma |
| what are the 3 things that affect the formation of magma | temperature pressure and composition |
| what is the process in which sedimentary rock are arranged in layers | stratification |
| what are the 2 types of metamorphic rock | foliated nonfoliated |
| which type of metamorphism occurs because of intense pressure | regional metamorphism |
| salt is formed when halite is shallow bodies of water ------forms solution | crystallization |
Created by:
Jacalyn
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