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Biology Chapter 21
Test Prep
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name adaptations of plants to land environments | Stomata, Cuticle, Vascular Tissue, Reproductive Strategies, and Seed |
| Cuticle | (waxy, fatty layer) - prevents water loss - prevents microorganisms from entering the plant |
| Stomata | (pair of lips) - allows exchanges of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) - usually on the underside of leaves and open more at night |
| Vascular Tissue | - specialized transport tissues - transports water and food, allowing the plants to grow tall -provide support and structure - non vascular plants move food and water by osmosis and diffusion and are short plants. |
| Reproductive Strategies | -some land plants that use spores to reproduce but they are water dependent |
| Seed | -they contain embryo, nutrients for the embryo to grow, and a seed coat for protection -seeds will not sprout until favorable conditions exist. |
| Compare characteristics of plants and green alga. | - cell walls composed of cellulose -cell division includes the formation of a cell plate -have the same type of chlorophyll used in photosynthesis -food stored as starch |
| Explain alternation of generations of plants. | Gametophyte produces gametes. When the sperm fertilizes the egg, a diploid zygote forms that undergoes mitosis, forming a sporophyte generation. Then this produces spores that can grow to form the next gametophyte generation. |
| Characteristics of non-vascular plants | -small plants -usually live in damp shady areas -because of the lack of vascular tissue, water and nutrients move by osmosis and diffusion |
| Characteristics of seedless vascular plants | -do not produce seeds -have structures called strobulus which is a cluster of spore-bearing structures -wind, water and animals distribute the spores and when the spores land in a favorable site, they can grow into a gametophyte |
| Characteristics of seed vascular plants. | -produce seeds -seeds have one or more cotyledons (that absorb food or store food) -plants who have seeds that are a part of a fruit are called angiosperms -plants that have seeds that are not a part of a fruit are called gymnosperms |
| Explain why seed dispersal is important to seed vascular plants and give 3 specific examples of this process. | -are dispersed to limit competition between plants -cocklebur have hooks that attach to fur or clothing -coconut has seed inside, the ability to float big distances on ocean -pine seeds have wing-like structures that allow them to be dispersed by wi |
| Name and summarize the 3 life spans of anthophytes. | -Annual plant - grows and dies in one year -Biennial plants -lifespan of two years -Perennial plants -lasts several years |
Created by:
hannahworrell
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