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MrsC Med Term Chap 5

MrsC Med Term Chap 5 Digestive

QuestionAnswer
Ingestion Food material taken into mouth
Digestion food is broken down and travels through the gastrointestinal tract
Absorption Digested food passes into bloodstream through lining cells of small intestine
Elimination Body eliminates solid waste materials that cannot be absorbed into bloodstream
Mastication chewing the food
Deglutition swallowing
Bucc/o cheek
Celi/o belly, abdomen
Dent/i tooth
Esophago/o esophagus
Sialaden/o salivary gland
-ase enzyme
-chezia defecation
-iasis abnormal condition
-prandial meal
Anorexia lack of appetite
Ascites abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
Eructation gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth
Steatorrhea fat in the feces; frothy, foul smelling fecal matter
Aphthous stomatitis inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers
Dental caries tooth decay
Herpetic stomatitis inflammation of the mouth by infection with the herpes virus
Oral leukoplakia white plaques or patches
Periodontal disease inflammation and degeneration of the gums, teeth and surrounding bone
Esophageal varices swollen, varicose veins at lower end of the esophagus
Gastric carcinoma malignant tumor of the stomach
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach
peptic ulcer Open sore or lesion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum
hernia Protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it
anal fistula Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus
colonic polyposis Polyps protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon.
colorectal cancer Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both
Crohn disease Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract.
diverticulosis Abnormal side pockets (outpouchings) in the intestinal wall.
dysentery Painful, inflamed intestines
hemorrhoids Swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region
ileus Failure of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines
intussusception Telescoping of the intestines
IBS Irritable bowel syndrome- group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension
ulcerative colitis Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers
volvulus Twisting of the intestines on itself
cirrhosis Chronic degenerative disease of the liver
pancreatitis Inflammation of the pancreas
viral hepatitis Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus
Achlorhydria Lack of hydrochloric acid.
Amylase Enzyme that digests starch.
Appendectomy Removal (resection) of the appendix.
Appendicitis Inflammation of the appendix.
Biliary Pertaining to bile.
buccal mucosa The mucous membrane (mucosa) lining the cheek.
Cecal Pertaining to the cecum.
Celiac Pertaining to the abdomen.
cheilosis Abnormal condition of the lips.
Cholecystectomy Removal of the gallbladder.
choledochojejunostomy New opening between the common bile duct and the jejunum; anastomosis.
Choledocholithiasis Condition of stones in the common bile duct.
Choledochotomy Incision of the common bile duct.
cholelithiasis Abnormal condition of gallstones in the gallbladder
Colonic Pertaining to the colon.
Colonoscopy Process of visual examination of the colon.
colostomy New opening of the colon to the outside of the body.
Dentibuccal Pertaining to tooth and cheek.
Duodenal Pertaining to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine).
Endodontist Dentist specializing in operating within the tooth (root canal specialist).
Enterocolitis Inflammation of the small and large intestines.
Enteroenterostomy New opening between two previously unconnected parts of the small intestine.
esophageal Pertaining to the esophagus.
Facial Pertaining to the face.
Gastrojejunostomy New opening between the stomach and the jejunum; anastomosis.
Gastrostomy New opening into the stomach through the abdominal wall.
gingivitis Inflammation of the gums.
Gluconeogenesis Production of new sugar from proteins and fats (by the liver).
Glycogenolysis Breakdown of glycogen to form sugar (glucose).
Hematochezia Bright red blood in the feces.
hepatoma Tumor (malignant) of the liver; hepatocellular carcinoma.
Hepatomegaly Enlargement of the liver.
hyperbilirubinemia Excess bilirubin in the blood; jaundice.
Hyperglycemia High blood sugar.
Hypoglossal Pertaining to under the tongue.
ileitis Inflammation of the ileum.
Ileocecal sphincter Pertaining to the ring of muscles between the ileum and the cecum.
Ileostomy New opening of the ileum to the outside of the body.
labial Pertaining to the lip.
laparoscopy Visual examination of the abdomen.
Lipase Enzyme to digest fats.
lipoma Tumor of fat (benign).
lithogenesis Formation of a stone (calculus).
mesentery Membrane that holds the intestines together (literally, middle of the intestines).
oral Pertaining to the mouth.
Orthodontist Dentist specializing in straightening teeth.
Palatopharyngoplasty Surgical repair of the palate and throat.
Palatoplasty Surgical repair of the palate
pancreatitis Inflammation of the pancreas.
parenteral Pertaining to apart from the intestines (refers to delivery of substances any wayother than through the digestive tract).
Perianal Pertaining to surrounding the anus.
periodontist Dentist specializing in gums.
Peritonitis Inflammation of the peritoneum.
pharyngeal Pertaining to the throat.
Postprandial Pertaining to after meals.
Proctologist Specialist in the anus and rectum.
Protease Enzyme that digests protein.
Pyloroplasty Surgical repair of the pyloric sphincter.
Rectocele Hernia of the rectum.
Sialadenitis Inflammation of salivary glands.
sialolith Salivary (gland) stone.
Sigmoidoscopy Visual examination of the sigmoid colon.
Steatorrhea Discharge of fats (in feces).
Stomatitis Inflammation of the mouth.
Sublingual Pertaining to under the tongue.
Submandibular Pertaining to under the lower jaw.
Uvulectomy Removal of the uvula
Created by: cudawn
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