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AMS SOL 6.4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| matter | anything that has mass and volume |
| atoms | smallest unit of an element |
| proton | particle with a positive charge in the nucleus |
| neutron | particle in the nucleus with no electric charge |
| electron | tiny particle with a negative charge found outside of the nucleus |
| nucleus | center of the atom |
| parts in the nucleus | proton and neutrons |
| electron cloud | area surrounding the nucleus also known as orbitals or energy levels |
| energy level one | can hold up to 2 electrons |
| energy level two | can hold up to 8 electrons |
| energy level three | can hold up to 18 electrons |
| element | substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance |
| periodic table of elements | resource for information about all of the elements |
| atomic number | smaller number on the periodic table the indicates the number of protons or electrons |
| atomic mass | larger number on the periodic table that is the total number of protons and nuetrons |
| chemical symbol | letters on the periodic table |
| subtract | how to find the number of neutrons in an atom |
| abundant elements | those that are found in large amounts on Earth |
| abundant elements in the atmosphere | Nitrogen and Oxygen |
| abundant elements in the oceans | Oxygen Hydrogen Sodium and Chlorine |
| abundant elements in Earth's crust (the ground) | Oxygen and Silicon |
| abundant elements in the human body | Oxygen Carbon and Hydrogen |
| element found in all living things | Carbon |
| element that is abundant in air, oceans, earth's crust, and the body | Oxygen |
| compound | a substance made of two or more elements that combine chemically |
| molecule | a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds |
| chemical formula | used to represent a compound; shows the elements that are in the compound |
| chemical change | a change in matter that produces one or more new substances |
| chemical equation | a way to show a chemical reaction using symbols |
| reactants | found on the left side of the equation; substances that undergo a chemical change |
| arrow | separates the reactants from the products in a chemical equation |
| products | found on the right side of the equation; new substances that are formed during a chemical reaction |
| examples of chemical changes | burning, rusting, tarnishing, photosynthesis, acid neutralization |
| photosynthesis | plants change sunlight and carbon dioxide into Oxygen and glucose (food) |
| rust or tarnish | the product of a chemical change that occurs when metals are exposed to air and water |
| acid/base neutralization | chemical change that occurs when the pH of a liquid changes |
| example of a liquid with a neutral pH (7) | water |
| exothermic reaction | releases heat |
| endothermic | absorbs heat making the surrounding colder |
| physical change | any change that alters the appearance of a substance but does not change it into a new substance |
Created by:
sford
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