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Chem Vocab
Chemistry Vocabulary
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| scientific method | the way in which scientists answer questions and solve problems |
| proton | a positively charged subatomic particle of the nucleus of an atom ; the number of protons of the nucleus is the atomic number that determines the identity of an element |
| heat | the transfer of energy between objects that are at different temperatures; energy is always transferred from higher temps. to lower temperature objects until thermal equilibrium is reached |
| kinetic energy | the energy of motion; kinetic energy depends on speed and mass |
| medium | the substance through which a wave can travel |
| acid | any compound that increases the number of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water and whose solution tastes sour and can change the color of certain compounds |
| valence electrons | the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom; they determine how an element with react with other substances |
| chemical formula | the shorthand notation that uses chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance |
| volume | the amount of space that something occupies or the amount of space that something contains |
| observation | any use of senses to gather information |
| atom | the smallest particles into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance; the smallest unit of an element that has all the properties of that element |
| thermal energy | the total energy of particles that make up a substance |
| mass | the amount of matter that something is made of |
| wave | a disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space |
| data | any pieces of information gathered through experimentation |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| density | the amount of matter in a given space or volume; the mass per unit volume of a substance |
| exothermic | the terms used to describe a physical or chemical change in which energy is given off |
| product | substance formed from a chemical reaction |
| reactant | a starting material in a chemical reaction |
| ionic compound | a compound that contains ionic bonds |
| isotope | an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element but has a different number of neutrons |
| electron | a negatively charges subatomic particle that is found in all atoms; electrons are involved in the formation of chemical bonds |
| theory | a unifying explanation for a broad range of hypotheses and observations that have been supported by testing |
| pH | a measurement of the hydronium ion concentration in a solution |
| chemical bond | the force of attraction that holds two atoms together |
| endothermic | the terms used to describe a physical or chemical change in which energy is absorbed |
| neutron | a subatomic particle of the nucleus of an atom that has no charge |
| molecule | a neutral group of atoms held together by covalent bonds |
| covalent bond | a bond that results from the attraction between the nuclei of an atom where the electrons are shared by the atoms |
| ion | a charged particle that forms during chemical changes when one or more valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
| law | a summary of many exerimental results and observations; a law tells how things work |
| alkali metals | the elements in group one of the periodic table; they are the most reactive metals; their atoms have one valence electron |
| nobel gases | the elements in group 18 of the periodic table; they are unreactive nonmetals; their atoms have 8 valence electrons, except for helium with has two |
| base | any compound that increases the number of hydroside ions when dissolved in water and whose solution tastes bitter; feels slippery and can change the colors of certain compounds |
| covalent compound | a compound that contains only covalent bonds |
| ionic bond | the force of attraction between oppositely charged ions |
| organic compound | a covalent compound that is composed of carbon-based molecules |
Created by:
rebabeard132
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