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FCSDBio-Protein Syn

Ch 10 Nucleic Acids & Protein Synthesis

TermDefinition
adenine pairs with thymine; a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleotide
anticodon a region of tRNA consisting of three bases complementary to the codon of mRNA
base-pairing rule the rule stating that in DNA, cytosine pairs with guanine and adenine pairs with thymine and in RNA, adenine pairs with uracil
codon a group of three sequential nitrogen bases of an mRNA molecule
complementary base pair normal pairing of DNA nucleotides (adenine-thymine; guanine-cytosine)
cytosine pairs with guanine; a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleotide
deoxyribose sugar molecule of of a DNA nucleotide; one of 3 parts
double helix shape of DNA; two nucleotide chains that wrap around each other
genetic code triplets of nucleotides in mRNA that determine the sequence of amino acids in protein
guanine pairs with cytosine; a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleotide
messenger RNA (mRNA) the type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes
mutation a change in DNA
nitrogen-containing base a DNA nucleotide containing nitrogen, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group
protein synthesis formation of proteins using the information coded on DNA and carried by RNA
replication process by which DNA copies itself during interphase
ribose five-carbon sugar in RNA
ribosomal RNA (mRNA) type of RNA found in a ribosome
start codon codon AUG which engages a ribosome to start translating an mRNA molecule
stop codon causes the ribosome to stop translating mRNA; UAA, UAG, UGA
thymine airs with adenine; a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleotide
transcription process in which RNA is made from DNA
transfer RNA (tRNA) type of RNA that carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
translation process of converting the genetic code in RNA into the amino acid sequence that makes up a protein
uracil pairs with adenine; a nitrogen-containing base found in RNA
Created by: fcsdklw
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