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BJU Life Science 25

Bob Jones Life Science - Chapter 25

QuestionAnswer
allergy The overreaction of the immune system to a foreign substance that is normally not a pathogen.
antibody A protein the body produces to attack or mark for attack invading materials such as bacteria and viruses.
antigen The molecules that the macrophages recognize as not belonging in the body, triggering the immune system.
aorta The largest artery in the body; carries blood from the heart to smaller arteries.
artery A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
atria/atrium An upper heart chamber that receives blood from the lungs or body.
atrioventricular valve (AV valve) A one-way valve that separates the atrium from the ventricle in the heart and prevents a backflow of blood into the atrium.
autoimmune disease A disease in which a person's immune system attacks and destroys his own cells.
blood clot A collection of blood cells and fibers normally formed to prevent bleeding.
blood plasma The fluid portion of the blood.
blood pressure The pressure of the blood against the walls of the arteries.
capillary One of many small blood vessels that have walls that are one cell thick; materials are exchanged between the blood and other body tissues in the capillaries.
coronary arteries A blood vessel that supplies blood to the heart muscle.
deoxygenated blood Blood that contains little oxygen.
erythrocytes A red blood cell; functions primarily to transport oxygen.
fever An increase of the normal body temperature.
heart A muscular organ that pumps blood.
hemoglobin The red pigment found in red blood cells; transports oxygen and some carbon dioxide.
homeostasis The internal balance an organism must maintain.
immune system The body system that gives resistance to disease.
immunity The ability of an organism to recognize and attack a pathogen to which it has been previously exposed; dependent on the formation of antibodies.
inferior vena cava A large vein that returns blood from the lower body regions to the heart.
inflammation A local response to a foreign substance in a body; may be characterized by swelling, redness, and increased temperature.
kidney An organ that filters wastes from the blood.
leukocyte A white blood cell; functions primarily in the body's immune system.
nephron A microscopic unit that filters blood in the kidney.
platelet A small structure found in the blood; involved in the formation of blood clots.
pulmonary arteries The artery that transports deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
pulse The rhythmic expansion of the arteries caused by the pumping of the heart.
semilunar valve A structure that allows the blood to leave the ventricles but prevents it from returning.
septum A muscular wall dividing the right side of the heart from the left side.
superior vena cava The large vein that carries blood from the upper body regions to the heart.
urea A waste product filtered from the blood by the kidneys.
ureter The tube that carries the wastes and water filtered out of the blood to the urinary bladder.
urethra The tube that carries wastes away from the urinary bladder.
urinary bladder An organ that temporarily stores the fluid wastes from a kidney; a reservoir for urine.
urine A fluid that is passed out of the body; contains wastes from the blood.
vein A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart.
ventricle A heart chamber that pushes blood into the arteries.
WHAT ARE THOOOOOSE sorry about that
Created by: marchscience
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