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Biology 9 vocab
Cellular Reproduction
| Question | Answer | Question | Answer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adaptation | A feature that an organism gains to adapt in an enviroment | ||
| Allele | One of a series of possible alternative forms of a given gene (or trait) which affects the function or expression of the gene | sexual reproduction | A type of reproduction that occurs when sex cells from two parents combine to form a new organism |
| Asexual reproduction | A type of reproduction involving only one parent in which the parent creates a genetically similar or identical copy of itself | Gene | A basic unit of heredity consisting of small subunits, or alleles, made of DNA sequences that determine how an organism's body is built and maintained |
| Binary fission | A type of asexual reproduction that occurs when one organism divides into TWO EQUALLY sized organisms | Law of independent assotment | A concept explaining that alleles for any one gene will be sorted independently without affecting or being affected by any other genes during gamete formation |
| Chomosome | The physical structure of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of a cell that contains thousands of genes; made up of two identical chromatids | Meiosis | The process of cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms and involves two cell divisions |
| Egg | A female reproductive cell | Mitosis | The process of cell division that occurs in somatic cells in which the nucleus divides |
| Gamete | A sex cell; a reproductive cell, a sperm or egg cell | eukaryote | A cell or organism that possesses a membranebound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| prokaryote | An organism with cells that lack a nucleus and some other cell structures | fertilization | The joining of a male and female sex cell; the fusion of an egg and a sperm |
| Diploid | Having two sets of chromosomes; two copies of each chromosome | Sperm | A male reproductive cell |
| DNA | The genetic coding for an organism | Zygote | A fertilized egg; the single cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg |