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Ch. 21 Heart
BMS 307: Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pulmonary Circuit | carries carbon dioxide rich blood from the heart to the gas-exchange surfaces of the lungs and returns oxygen rich blood to the heart |
| systemic circuit | transports oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body and returns carbon dioxide rich blood back to the heart |
| Right Atrium | recieves blood from the systemic circuit via the superior and inferior vena cava |
| Right Ventricle | discharges blood into the pulmonary circuit via the pulmonary artey |
| Left Atrium | collects blood from the pulmonary circuit via the pulmonary veins |
| Left Ventricle | ejects blood to the systemic circuit via the aorta |
| Arteries | transports blood away from the heart |
| Veins | returns blood to the neart |
| Capillaries | small thin walled vessels that interconnect the smallest arties and veins. They permit exchange of nutrients, gases,and waste products. |
| Pericardium | the serous membrane lining the pericardial cavity |
| Pericardial Cavity | A portion of the ventral body cavity |
| Visceral Pericardium | (epicardium) potion of the pericardium in contact with the heart |
| Parietal Pericardium | the portion of the pericardium that is not in contact with the heart. |
| endocardium | the inner surfaces of the heart made of simple squamous |
| Cardiocyte | cardiac muscle cell |
| Functional syncytium | when one cell contracts they will all contract |
| Epicardium | the outer surface of the heart that is in contact with the visceral pericardium |
| Location of the heart | slightly to the left of the midline, sitting at an oblique angle rotated slightly to the left |
| Coronary Citculation | supplies blood to the muscle tissue of the heart |
| Systole | Contracton of the heart- when a chamber ejects blood either into an artery or into another chamber |
| Diastole | Relaxation of the heart- after a contraction when a chamber fills with blood |
| Nodal Cells | responsible for establishing the rate of cardiac contraction |
| conducting fibers | distribute the contractile stimulus to the general myocardium |
| Pacemaker cells | rapidly depolarizing cells, located in the S.A node |
| S.A Node(sinoatrial) | cardiac pacemaker, located in the posterior wall of the right atrium. Produces an impluse thst creates a heart beat |
| A.V Node (artioventricular) | sits in the floor of the right atrium near the coronary sinus. Slows down the impulse before sending it through the AV Bundles |
| Bundles of His | travels along the interventricular septum before separating into the right and left bundles. Carries the impluse towards the apex of the heart. |
| Purkinje Cells(Fibers) | distribute the impluse to the papilary muslecs which tenses the chordae tendineae. Then contarction begins from the apex toward the top of the ventricles |
| Tachycardia | a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute |
| Bradycardia | a heart rate of less than 50 beats per minute |
| Tricuspid | The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle. Contain three flaps |
| Bicuspid | The valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. Contains two flaps |
| Interventricular Septum | A thick muscular partition that divides the right and left ventricles |
| Myocardium | Cardiac muscle tissue |
Created by:
taj1001
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