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pro death & dying
process of death and dying
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 5 stages of dying | denial and isolation, anger,bargaining, depression, acceptance |
| denial and isolation | refuses to believe loss, not ready to deal w/ problems, artificial cheerfulness, doesnt hear the rest of the message |
| nursing intervention for DENIAL AND ISOLATION | be there, verbally support, TCT, find supportive family member |
| anger | something had just happened that is unfair and unjust, often displaced |
| nursing interventions for ANGER | be there, allow anger, dont take it personal, deal with pt needs, help pt find outlet, allow as much control as possible |
| bargaining | attempts to negotiate trade with GOD or fate. try to delay the inevitable common expressions |
| nursing intervention for BARGAINING | support, allow behavior, dont rationalize with pt, listen, offer spiritual support |
| depression | defense muchanisms are no longer effective. great sense of loss. tool to prepare for impending loss. cant deny illness, grieves, talk freely/withdrawl |
| common expressions for DEPRESSION | sadness, crying, quiet, request no visitors, poor appetite, using little energy, dont see need to attend to ADL's |
| acceptance | cant begin until the shock of loss is over. realization that health is permanently gone. at peace. may contemplate past and review accomplishments in life. comes to term with loss |
| common expressions for ACCEPTANCE | make plans, give personal items to loved ones,at peace, ready to go |
| end of life issues: SPIRITUAL WELL--BEING | hopelessness, suffering,transcendence |
| end of life issues: SOCIAL WELL-BEING | roles and relationships change, inc. care giver stress, inc sexual needs, financial burden |
| end of life issues: PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING | fears/anxiety, control, leisure activities, appearance |
| end of life issues: PHYSIOLOGIC | terminal restlessness, anorexia, sleepy, dec in functional abilities |
| developmental concepts concerning death: OLDER ADULT | fears prolonged illness, encounters death of friends, peers and family members |
| how do older adults view death | freedom from pain, reunion with deceased family and friends, fears becoming a burden |
| purpose of autopsy | examination of body after death to determine exact cause of death learn more about disease |
| nursing care of dying patient | be supportive, pain control, stool softener, grooming, HOB up, relieve respiratory difficulties |
| respiratory arrest | no spontaneous respirations |
| cardiac arrest | no pulse, no BP, flat ECG |
| Biological death | cells no longger capable of life, necrosis of organs |
| brain death | flat EEG, cerebral cortex is irreversibly destroyed |
| signs of brain death | exclude hypothermia as cause of coma, rule out residual drug or alcohol, confirm absence of brain stem function |
| how do you comfirm absence of brain stem function | no corneal light reflex, no pupillary reflex, no oculocephalic reflex, no gag reflex |
| physiologic effect of dying process: GI & GU system | decreased activity of GI tract, constipation, incontinence |
Created by:
kamia2010
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