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Term Test 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bullae | a group of over-inflated alveoli |
| ulcer | a lesion through the skin or a mucous membrane |
| peptic ulcer | a lesion caused by pepsin |
| duodenal ulcer | a lesion in the mucosal lining of the duodenum |
| gastric ulcer | a lesion in the mucosal lining of the stomach |
| esophageal ulcer | a lesion in the mucosal lining of the esophagus |
| diverticulum | a pouch or sac that develops off a tubular structure such as the intestine |
| diverticulitis | inflammation of a pouch or sac opening off of a tubular structure |
| diverticulosis | the presence of diverticula within the intestine |
| cholelithiasis | the presence of stones within the gallbladder or biliary duct |
| neuropathy | a disease of nervous tissue |
| myopathy | a disease of muscle tissue |
| intravenous pyelogram | a contrast x-ray showing the structures that carry urine |
| BUN (Blood urea nitrogen) | a blood test used as an indicator of kidney function. measures the amount of urea. |
| creatinine clearance | a measure of kidney function that compares the amount of creatinine excreted in the urine over a 24 hour period to the concentration of creatinine in the blood |
| cystoscopy | using an endoscope to examine the urinary bladder |
| genes | a region on DNA that contains the code for making a protein |
| alleles | different forms of a gene |
| dominant | an allele that is always expressed |
| recessive | an allele that will be expressed only when the person is homozygous |
| genotype | a two-letter code that describes which alleles a person has |
| homozygous | having the same to alleles for a gene |
| heterozygous | having different alleles for a gene |
| expressed | the allele that we can see evidence of |
| phenotype | describes what characteristics are produced as a result of having a certain genotype |
| chromosomes | the combination of DNA and proteins found in a cell that is going through mitosis |
| autosomes | chromosomes one through twenty two |
| sex chromosomes | the twenty third pair of chromosomes in humans |
| karyotype | describes the microscopic appearance of the chromosomes |
| diploid | having the normal 23 pairs of chromosomes |
| aneuploid | having an abnormal number of chromosomes |
| monosomy | missing a chromosome |
| trisomy | having an extra copy of a chromosome |
| hematocrit | the percentage of blood volume occupied by RBC's |
| Mean corpuscular volume | the average size of a RBC |
| anemias | a group of disease that decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen |
| leukemias | a group of disease that results in a dramatic increase in the number of leukoblasts |
| pollycythemia | having an abnormally high number of erythrocytes |
| pancytopenia | a decreased in the number of all normal blood cells |
| erythrocytopenia | a decrease in the number of RBC's |
| leukopenia | a decrease in the number of WBC's |
| thrombocytopenia | having a low number of platelets |
| hemophilia | a genetic decrease in the activity of one of the clotting factors |
| thalassemias | a group of genetic anemia's resulting in a decrease in the synthesis of globin chains |
| intrinsic factor | any form from with in the body |
| intrinsic factor ( pernicious anemia) | a protein secreted by gastric glands that is needed for the absorption of B12 |
| extrinsic factor | any factor coming from outside the body |
| extrinsic factor (pernicious anemia) | vitamin B12 |
| ausculation | any diagnostic procedure that listens to body sounds |
| echocardiography | an ultrasound of the heart |
| stress test | an electrocardiogram performed while in the heart rate is elevated |
| angiography | a contrast x-ray showing circulation |
| cardiac markers | proteins released from damaged cells into the blood; used as a diagnostic indicator of myocardial infarction |
| normal sinus rhythm | having a normal heart rhythm established by the sinoatrial node |
| bradycardia | having a resting heart rate of less that 60 beats per minute |
| tachycardia | having a resting heart rate of greater than 100 beats per minute |
| valvular incompetence | the inability of a valve to either open or close properly |
| valvular stenosis | the inability of a valve to open completely |
| valvular prolapse | when one of the AV valves swings up into the atrium when it should be closed |
| atherosclerosis | the build up of fatty deposits with in blood vessels |
| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arteries |
| arteriostenosis | narrowing of the arteries |
| DNA | the nucleic acid that contains all of an individuals genes, in every cell |
| Ischemia | a local decrease in blood flow due to obstruction |
| angina pectoris | chest pains as a result of myocardial ischemia |
| angina pectoris | chest pains as a result of myocardial ischemia |
| myocardial infarction | ischemic necrosis of heart muscle |
| TIA | a temporary decrease in cerebral function as a result of ischemia |
| cerebral infraction | ischemic necrosis of the cerebrum |
| secondary hypertension | chronic high blood pressure that is a complication of another condition |
| primary (essential) hypertension | chronic high blood pressure of unknown origin |
| aneurysm | localized dilation of an artery or chamber of the heart as a result of weakness in the wall |
| hemoptysis | coughing up blood from lungs |
| hypoxia | a lack of oxygen |
| hypercapnea | an excess of carbon dioxide |
| respirator acidosis | a decrease in the pH of body fluids as a result of a build-up of carbon dioxide |
| atelectasis | a partial or complete collapse of lung tissue |
| pneumothorax | the presence of air between the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura |
Created by:
emerald_327
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