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Psych 250 Neurotrans
Neurotransmitters
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Substances released by one neuron that bind to receptors on the target neuron. | Neurotransmitters |
| Released by the brain/other organs travel via bloodstream to target neurons | Neurohormones |
| First Neurotransmitter discovered (in PNS) | Acetylcholine |
| Dorsolateral Pons, Basolateral Forebrain, Medial Septum | Cholinergic Neurons |
| Choline + Acetyl-CoA | Acetylcholine |
| Word ending in "-ase" | Enzyme |
| Enzyme that acts on choline to transfer acetyl group and covert it to acetylcholine | Choline Acetyltranferase |
| Enzyme that breaks up Acetylcholine | Acetylcholinesterase |
| ACh | Acetylcholine |
| Two type of ACh Receptors | Ionotropic and Metabotropic |
| Nicotinic AChR's (fast) | Ionotropic |
| Muscarinic AChr's (slow) | Metabotropic |
| AChRs in muscles | Nicotinic |
| _______ contains both AChRs but mostly muscarinic | CNS |
| In the CNS nicotonic AChRs are found mostly at____ Synapses | Axoaxonic |
| Inactivates ACh after it is released (Breaks into acetate and choline) | Acetylcholinesterase |
| Choline is transported back into the presynaptic terminal for local synthesis of ACh (Choline is Recycled) | Choline Re-uptake |
| ________is a drug that inhibits the reuptake of Choline | Hemicholinium |
| Reuptake of choline has an efficiency rating of ______ | 50% |
| -Blocks nicotonic AChRs -Used by Native South Americans -Paralyzes muscles during surgery | Curare |
| -Blocks muscarinic AChRs -Treats AChE inhibitors (thus reducing the excess ACh action) -Dilates pupils | Atropine |
| Clostridium Botulinum -Prevents release of ACh thus it blocks muscle excitation -Very potent/lethal | Botulinum Toxin |
| Clostridium tetani -Prevents release of Glycine & GABA thus it blocks inhibitory transmission indirectly causing excess ACh release | Tetanus Toxin |
| Stimulates ACh release less toxic, but can be fatal in infants and elderly | Black Widow Spider Venom |
| Classification of Monoamine Transmitter: Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine | Catecholamines |
| Classification of Monoamine Transmitter: Serotonin | Indolamines |
| Tyrosine-->______-->Dopamine | DOPA |
| Dopaminergic Neurons & Projections: Substantia Nigra & Nigrostriatal (Projection site) | Neostriatum (part of basal ganglia) |
| Dopaminergic Neurons & Projections: VTA & Mesolimbic projection (projection site) | To Nucleus accumbens (reinforcing effects of drug abuse) to amygdala to hippocampus |
| Dopaminergic Neurons & Projections: VTA & Mesocritical projection (projection site) | To prefrontal cortex (short term learning) |
| Parkinson's disease is due to a loss of pigmented neurons, particularly ______ neurons... | Dopamine |
| ______destroys excess monoamines, _______-B is specific for Dopamine Deprenyl is an ______-B inhibitor (depression, Parkinson's) | MAO (Monoamine Oxidase) |
Created by:
TWG
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