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Chapter 3 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| theory that states that all organisms are made of cells, all cells are produced by other living cells, and the cell is the most basic unit of life | cell theory |
| jellylike substance inside cells that contains molecules and in some cells organelles | cytoplasm |
| membrane-bound structure that is specialized to preform a distinct process within the cell | organelle |
| cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles | prokaryotic cell |
| cell that has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles | eukaryotic cells |
| network of proteins inside a eukaryotic cell that supports and shapes the cell | cytoskeleton |
| organelle composed of a double membrance that acts as the storehouse for most of a cell's DNA | nucleus |
| interconnected network of thin, folded membranes that produce, process, and distribute proteins | endoplasmic reticulum |
| organelle that links amino acids together to form protiens | ribosome |
| stack of flat, membrane-enclosed spaces containing enzymes that process, sort, and deliver protiens | golgi apparatus |
| small organelle that contains and transports materials within the cytoplasm | vesicle |
| bean-shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA | mitochondrion |
| organelle that is used to store materials that are needed by the cell | vacuole |
| organelle that contains enzymes | lysosome |
| small cylinder-shaped oranelle made of protien tubes arranges in a circle | centriole |
| rigid structure that gives protection, support, and shape to cells in plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria | cell wall |
| organelle composed of numerous membrances that are used to convert solar energy into chemical energy | chloroplast |
| double-layer of phospholipids that forms a boundry between a cell and the surrounding environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell | cell membrance |
| moelcule that forms a double-layered cell membrane; consists of a glycerol, a phosphate group, and two fatty acids | phospholipid |
| model that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrance | fluid mosaic model |
| condition or quality of allowing some, but not all, materials to cross a barrier or membrane | selective permeabliity |
| protien that detects a signal molecule and preforms an action in response | receptor |
| movement of molecules across the cell membrance without energy input from the cell | passive transport |
| movement of dissolved molevules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration | diffusion |
| difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another | concentration gradient |
| diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration | osmosis |
| solution that has an equal concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution | isotonic |
| solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution | hypertonic |
| solution that has a lower concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution | hypotonic |
| diffusion of molecules assited by protein channels that pierce a cell membrane | facilitated diffusion |
| energy-requiring movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration | active transport |
| uptake of liquids or large molecules into a cell by inward folding of the cell membrane | endocytosis |
| uptake of a solid particle into a cell by engulfing the particle | phagocytosis |
| release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane | exocytosis |
Created by:
kfran0112
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