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Biochemistry
Studying for the biochemistry test so I don't get kicked out of honors.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organisms | All living things |
| Nutrition | the process that provides the substances used by an organism for tissue repair or growth |
| Digestion | Processing food for use by the organism |
| Respiration | the process that released energy for use by cells |
| Metabolism | All chemical activities that an organism performs to sustain life |
| Homeostasis | The maintenance of a stable internal environment in spite of changes in external environment |
| Cell theory | Every organism is made up of one or more cells; The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in all living things |
| Indicator | Shows the presence of a certain substance. i.e. Litmus paper or benedict solution |
| Enzymes | large complex protein molecules that control the rate of chemical reactions |
| The building blocks of proteins are | amino acids |
| Elements found in proteins | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen |
| Where do the chemical processes of the organism take place? | inside the organism's cells |
| Livings things are composed of tiny units called | atoms |
| The center core of an atom is called the | nucleu |
| Electron's charge: | (-1), located around the nucleus |
| Proton's charge: | (+1), located at the nucleus |
| Neutron | (0), located at the nucleus |
| Why are atoms electrically neutral? | Atoms have the same number of neutrons and protons, that why they're so electrically neutral. |
| A substance made up of one kind of atom | Element i.e. silver |
| Carbon | C |
| Hydrogen | H |
| Oxygen | O |
| Nitrogen | N |
| Sulfur | S |
| Phosphorus | P |
| Magnesium | Mg |
| Iodine | I |
| Iron | Fe |
| Calcium | Ca |
| Sodium | Na |
| Chlorine | CI |
| Potassium | K |
| Zinc | Zn |
| When two or more elements combine chemically | Compound |
| Elements combine to form compounds | chemical bonding |
| Smallest particle of an element or compound capable of independent motion | Molecule |
| atom that has gained or lost an electron | Ion |
| bond that is formed when atoms lose or gain electrons | ionic bond |
| when atoms produces compounds sharing electrons | Covalent bonds |
| represents the chemical makeup of a compound | Chemical formula |
| A formula that shows the kinds, numbers, and arrangement of atoms | structural formula |
| Substances that start reactions | reactants |
| substances formed by reaction | products |