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Chapter 6 vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| monoculture | the practice of planting a single productive crop, year after year |
| renewable resource | a resource that can be produced or replaced by healthy ecosystem functions |
| nonrenewable resource | a resource that can't be replenished by a natural process within a reasonable amount of time |
| sustainable development | a strategy for using natural resources without depleting them and for providing human needs without causing long-term environmental harm |
| desertification | lower land productivity caused by over-farming, overgrazing, seasonal drought, and climate change |
| deforestation | destruction of forests |
| pollutant | a harmful material that can enter the biosphere through land, air, or water |
| biological magnification | increasing concentration of a harmful substance in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web |
| smog | gray-brown haze formed by a mixture of chemicals |
| acid rain | rain containing nitric and sulfuric acids |
| biodiversity | total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere |
| ecosystem diversity | variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere |
| species diversity | number of species that make up a particular area |
| genetic diversity | sum total of all the different forms of genetic information carried by a particular species, or by all organisms on Earth |
| habitat fragmentation | splitting of ecosystems into pieces |
| ecological hot spot | small geographic area where significant numbers of habitats and species are in immediate danger of extinction |
| ecological footprint | total amount of functioning ecosystem needed both to provide resources uses and to absorb the wastes that population generates |
| ozone layer | atmospheric layer in which ozone gas is relatively concentrated; protects life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet rays in sunlight |
| aquaculture | raising of aquatic organisms for human consumption |
| global warming | increase in the average temperatures on Earth |
| 3 resources used in agriculture | food, water, land |
| source that provides most of the energy for industrial production | fossil fuels |
| threats to biodiversity | altered habitats, invasive species, pollution, climate change |
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