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Heart Failure

QuestionAnswer
Heart Failure abnormal clinical condition that describes impaired cardiac pumping resulting in the characteristic pathophysiological changes of vasocontriction and fluid retention
Is HF a disease? What is it associated with? HF is not a disease. Associated with hypertension, CAD, MI.
What are characteristics of HF? Ventricular dysfunction, reduced exercise tolerance, diminished quality of life, and shortened life expectancy.
What are contributing factors to HF? Hypertension is a major contributing factor. Diabetes Mellitus contributes the formation of HF regardless if the person has CAD or CAD. Cigarrette smoking, obesity, and high serum cholesterol.
Major causes of HF can be divided into two groups: 1. Primary causes - anemia, hypertension, CAD, pulmonary embolus 2. Precipitating causes - increase the workload of the ventricles, causing a decompensated condition that leads to decreased MI.
Systolic HF most common type of HF, results from the inability of the heart to pump blood. Caused by a defect in the ability of the ventricles to contract (pump) or by increased after load or mechanical abnormalities.
Left ventricle (in relation to systolic HF) loses its ability to generate enough pressure to eject blood forward through the high pressure aorta.
Systolic HF (cont.) caused by impaired contractile function (MI), increased afterload (hypertension), cardiomyopathy, and mechanical abnormalities (valvular heart disease)
The Hallmark for systolic HF decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction (the fraction or percentage of total amount of blood in the LV that is ejecting during each ventricular contraction)
Diastolic HF impaired ability of the ventricles to fill during diastole
Created by: mkalloo
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