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Pharm 4
chap 22
Drug | Class | Indication | MOA | Common side effects | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SSRI | antidepressant | depression,anxiety disorders (panic disorder, obasessive compulsive disorder | block reuptake of serotonin and less effect on reuptake of norepinephrine | nervousness, dizziness,insomnia,male sexual dysfunction (priapism and impotence); fewer autonomic effect and less sedation than Tricyclic | better side effect profile;used in the morning b/c tend to increase alertness;used in caution with seizure,hepatic,diabetes,bipolar |
MAOI | antidepressant | not a choice of depression treatment, only used when pt fails to respond to other drugs | bind irreversibly to an enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) | hypertensive crisis (occipital headache,palpitation,neck stiffness,soreness,nausea and vomitting,sweating,photophobia | |
lithium | mood-stabilizing drug | mood stabilizer: treat or prevent the manic phase of bipolar disorder | reduce formation of IP3 | drowsiness,weight gain,fine hand tremor,polyuria,hypothyroidism | low therapeutic index' overdose: neurotoxicity,cardiac toxicity,arrhythmia,nausea,vomiting;nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and diuretics decrease lithium clearance, increase level |
Atomoxetine | CNS stimulant | ADHD | cardiovascular incidents (high blood pressure, MI,sudden death),decrease in growth and weight gain in children | unique norephinephrine reuptake inhibitor for ADHD | |
Modafinil | CNS stimulant | ADHD in children | not approved for ADHD, "off-label" drug for ADHD | ||
Amitriptyline | tricyclic's, tertiary amines | depression | block serotonin reuptake to a greater exten than do secondary amines | more sedation adn autonomic side effects than secondary amines | |
Nortriptyline | Tricyclic, secondary amines | depression | block norepinephrine reuptake than serotonin reuptake | autonomic side effects and sedation (less than amitriptyline) | |
Olanzapine | atypical antipschotic agents | positive and negative sypmtoms of schizophrenia | chemical analog of clozapine | sedation,weight gain | produce few EPS effects than haloperidol, fewer autonomic side effects |
Amphetamines | CNS stimulant | ADHD, sleep apnea, shift-work sleep, obesity | Schedule II, CV incidents, Decreased growth & weight gain | ||
Typical antipsychotics (1st generation) | antipsychotic drugs | Psychoses, Schizophrenia, Tourette’s, Agitation PRN | have equal or greater affinity for D2 receptors than for 5 HT2 receptors, block dopamin and serotonin | Extrapyramidal symptoms(EPS)(akathisia, pseudoparkinsonism,dystonias), Tardive dyskinesia | |
Atypical antipsychotic drugs (2nd gen) | antipsychotic drugs | have greater affinity for 5-HT receptors than for D2 receptors, block dopamin and serotonin | fewer EPS symptoms than typical | ||
All antidepressant medications | Box warning | risk of incresased suicidal thoughts and behavior in children and adolescents and adults | |||
Tricyclic | antidepressant | depression | block neuronal reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin | autonomic side effects(hypotension,sinus tachycardia,excessive sedation,seizures), cardiac arrhythmia) | used at night b/c of its sedation |