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Bio202-Blosky
Unit 2 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell Wall | A structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell. |
| Cell Membrane | A protective layer that covers the cell's surface and controls what moves in and out of the cell. |
| Cytoplasm | The fluid, jelly-like substance that fills the cell. |
| Nucleus | A large organelle in a eukaryotic cell that contains the cell's DNA/chromosomes/genetic material. |
| Chloroplast | Organelles in plant cells that trap sunlight; organelle in which photosynthesis takes place. |
| Chromosome | Structures in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells made of DNA. |
| Ribosome | An organelle that makes proteins. |
| Lysosome | The organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders. |
| Mitochondria | The organelles that that break down food/sugar to release energy. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | The organelle that transports proteins around the cell. |
| Golgi Apparatus | The organelle that packages proteins before they leave the cell. |
| Vacuole | The organelle that stores water and other materials. |
| Nucleolus | The dark area of the nucleus which stores materials that will be used to make ribosomes. |
| cell theory | All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. New cells are produced from existing cells. |
| prokaryotes | Cells that have genetic material that is NOT contained in a nucleus |
| eukaryotes | Cells that contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell. |
| organelles | The structures inside the cell that act as specialized organs |
| nuclear envelope | surrounds the nucleus and controls what goes in and out of the nucleus through the nuclear pores |
| chromatin | DNA bound to protein and contained in the nucleus of the cell |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | The organelle in a eukaryotic cell where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell. Equate to the assembly line in a manufacturing center |
| Centriole | One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that is involved in cellular reproduction. Centrioles organize the microtubules of the cytoskeleton to form the spindle fibers that help to separate chromosomes during nuclear division. |
| Chromosomes | Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation to the next. |
| Cytoskeleton | The network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape. The cytoskeleton is also involved in cell movement. |
| What are the levels of organization in a multicellular organism? | Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems |
| Cell specialization | The process in which cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks. Examples: Neurons--nerve cells. Red Blood Cells |
| what is a cell | smallest unit of life |
| two types of cells | Unicellular –Single cell – Multicellular – Composed of more than one cell |
| Asexual reproducing | one individual produces offspring • Have same traits as parent – Fission – Budding – Regeneration |
| Sexual reproducing | • 2 cells from different parents unite to create first cell of new organism • Resemble parents, but are not identical |
Created by:
sschell
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