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Biology -Savage
WCHS Biology Savage Chapter 10
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Phentoype | the way something looks, outward appearance of organism |
| regardless of its genes | (blank) |
| Gamete | male or female sex cells |
| Dominant | trait that shows up, masks recessive form of trait |
| Recessive | trait that is masked or hidden by the dominant form of trait |
| Homozygous | alike alleles (TT or tt), identical alleles for a trait |
| Filial | offspring |
| Genotype | genetic make up, combination of genes in an organism |
| Test Cross | mat the unknown genotype with homozygous recessive |
| Zygote | fertilized egg |
| Allele | alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism |
| Egg | female haploid sex cell produced by meiosis |
| Sperm | haploid male sex cell produced by meiosis |
| Heterozygous | 2 different alleles for a trait |
| Haploid | a cell with 1 kind of chromosome, 1n is # of chromosomes |
| Diploid | a cell with 2 kinds of each kind of chromosome, 2n is # of chromosomes |
| Mendel | is the Father of Genetics |
| Mendel's Law of Segregation | if your eyes are blue, green or grey you have two alleles for blue eyes (bb), then your gametes must have a blue allele (b); if your eyes are brown you might have two brown allele (BB), then your gametes have one allele for brown (B) or you might have one |
| Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment | this says that for two characteristics the genes are inherited independently. If you had the genotype AaBB you would make four kinds of gametes – they would contain the combinations of either AB, Ab, aB or ab. |
| Law of Dominance | states that the dominant allele, if present, will be expressed. |
| Mitosis | Identical daughters. One division. Mother cell results in two.Can be diploid or haploid; Diploid |
| Meiosis | Non identical daughters. Two divisions.Mother cell results in four cells; Contain a haploid (n) # of chromosomes in contrast to 2n.Centromeres split during Anaphase II;Not the same genetic make up |