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Biology -Savage

WCHS Biology Savage Chapter 10

WordDefinition
Phentoype the way something looks, outward appearance of organism
regardless of its genes (blank)
Gamete male or female sex cells
Dominant trait that shows up, masks recessive form of trait
Recessive trait that is masked or hidden by the dominant form of trait
Homozygous alike alleles (TT or tt), identical alleles for a trait
Filial offspring
Genotype genetic make up, combination of genes in an organism
Test Cross mat the unknown genotype with homozygous recessive
Zygote fertilized egg
Allele alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism
Egg female haploid sex cell produced by meiosis
Sperm haploid male sex cell produced by meiosis
Heterozygous 2 different alleles for a trait
Haploid a cell with 1 kind of chromosome, 1n is # of chromosomes
Diploid a cell with 2 kinds of each kind of chromosome, 2n is # of chromosomes
Mendel is the Father of Genetics
Mendel's Law of Segregation if your eyes are blue, green or grey you have two alleles for blue eyes (bb), then your gametes must have a blue allele (b); if your eyes are brown you might have two brown allele (BB), then your gametes have one allele for brown (B) or you might have one
Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment this says that for two characteristics the genes are inherited independently. If you had the genotype AaBB you would make four kinds of gametes – they would contain the combinations of either AB, Ab, aB or ab.
Law of Dominance states that the dominant allele, if present, will be expressed.
Mitosis Identical daughters. One division. Mother cell results in two.Can be diploid or haploid; Diploid
Meiosis Non identical daughters. Two divisions.Mother cell results in four cells; Contain a haploid (n) # of chromosomes in contrast to 2n.Centromeres split during Anaphase II;Not the same genetic make up
Created by: dmoudy
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