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FCSDGeo-Min/Rock

Mineral & Rock vocabulary (2)

TermDefinition
banding type of layering (foliation) found in some metamorphic rocks that is caused by the movement or growth of minerals into homogeneous layers
cement in sedimentary rocks, minerals or another fine matrix fill the pores between the grains of sediments holding it together
clastic fragmental; most common group of sedimentary rocks, made up of different sized particles
cleavage the way that a mineral splits between layers of atoms that are joined by weak bonds
contact metamorphism chemical & physical changes to a rock caused mostly by the heat of a nearby intrusion or extrusion of molten liquid rock
crystal solid form of a mineral with a regular shape caused by the internal arrangement of atoms
crystalline made of crystals
evaporite sedimentary rock deposited when minerals in a saturated solution settle out of an evaporating body of water
extrusive rocks formed from lava that solidifies quickly at Earth's surface
felsic light-colored rocks composed mostly of feldspar & silica
fracture uneven splitting of a mineral sample
fragmental sedimentary rock clastic; most common group of sedimentary rocks, made up of different sized particles held by cement
hardness in geology, the ability of a mineral to resist scratches
igneous rock rock formed by the cooling & crystallization of molten rock (magma or lava)
intrusive igneous rock plutonic; rocks that crystallize slowly inside Earth's crust
luster way the surface of a mineral reflects light
mafic composed of dark minerals rich in iron and magnesium
metamorphic rock rock that has been changed in mineral composition &/or texture by heat &/or pressure without melting
mineral natural, crystalline inorganic substance of which rock is made
organic sediments formed by the accumulation of plant or animal remains
plutonic intrusive; rocks that crystallize slowly inside Earth's crust
precipitate salt crystals that form & settle out of solution
rock cycle model explaining the natural changes in rocks & sediment
sedimentary rock rock formed by the compression & cementation of particles of sediment
silicates large family of minerals that has the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron as its basic structure
specific gravity ration of the densityof a substance to the density of water
streak color of the powder of a mineral revealed by rubbing the mineral along a white, unglazed porcelain plate
texture shape or feel of a surface; particularly the shape, arrangement, & size of mineral crystals on a rock surface
vesicular rock containing many holes created by expanding gas as magma rose to Earth's surface
Created by: fcsdklw
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