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Law Chap. 5

terms for chapter 5

QuestionAnswer
Vicarious liability responsibility of one person for the torts of another.
Felony a serious crime punishable by jail over 1 year or execution.
Misdemeanor less serious crime punishable by fine or jail up to 1 year.
Infraction misdemeanor punishable by only a fine.
White-collar crimes committed by "respected" community members.
Larceny or Theft The wrongful taking of money or personal property that belongs to someone else, with the intent to deprive the owner of its possession.
Robbery taking of property from another's person or immediate presence, against the victim's will, by force or by causing fear.
Burglary entering a building without permission when intending to commit a crime.
Receiving stolen property knowingly receiving or buying property known to be stolen, with intent to deprive the rightful owner of the property.
Fence one who receives stolen property.
False pretenses one who obtains money or other property by lying about a past or existing fact.
Fraud Intentional misrepresentation of an existing, important fact
Forgery falsely making or materially altering a writing to defraud another.
Bribery unlawfully offering or giving receiving money to influence an official duty\act.
Extortion blackmail. Obtaining money or other property from a person by wrongful use of force, fear, or the power of office.
Extortionist blackmailer.
Conspiracy agreement between two or more persons to commit a crime.
Arson willful and illegal burning of a building.
Selling and buying narcotics selling, offering to sell, or possessing illegal narcotics; transporting or giving illegal narcotics
Computer crime Accessing, altering, damaging, or destroying without authorization any computer or information on a computer is criminal conduct.
Treason a breach of allegiance to one's government usually committed through levying war against the government or by giving aid or comfort to the enemy
Perjury lying under oath
Assault placing another in fear of harmful or offensive touching.
Battery harmful or offensive touching of another.
Vicarious liability legal doctrine by which one party is held liable for the torts of another.
Vicarious criminal liability legal doctrine by which one party is held criminally responsible for the crimes of another
Procedural defense based on problems with the way evidence is obtained or the way the accused person is arrested, questioned, tried, or punished.
Substantive defense defenses which disprove, justify, or excuse the alleged crime.
Self-defense reasonable and lawful resistance to attack.
Criminal insanity the mental state in which the accused does not know the difference between right and wrong.
Immunity freedom from prosecution.
Alibi a defense that places the defendant at the relevant time of crime in a different place than the scene involved so that it makes it impossible for him/her to be the guilty party.
Punishment any penalty provided by law and imposed by court.
Plea bargaining pleading guilty to a less serious crime in exchange for having a more serious charge dropped.
Fine cash paid as punishment
Restitution compensation for a loss, damage, or injury
Confinement restriction in jail, prison, or penitentiary
Execution the killing of somebody as part of a legal or extralegal process
Probation sentence imposed for commission of crime whereby a convicted criminal is released into the community under the supervision of a probation officer in lieu of incarceration.
Parole release from jail, prison or other confinement after actually serving part of sentence.
Pardon an executive action that sets aside punishment for a crime.
Aggravated Assault intentional threat to physically or offensively injure another with use of a deadly weapon or other severe circumstances.
Aggravated Battery harmful or offensive touching using a deadly weapon or the fact that the battery resulted in serious bodily harm.
Breaking and Entering entering any building not just a dwelling without permission with intent to commit a crime.
Computer Crime a crime such as sabotaging or stealing computer data or using a computer to commit some other crime.
First Degree Murder murder that is willful, deliberate, or premeditated, or that is committed during the course of another serious felony (often limited or rape, kidnapping, robbery, burglary or arson)
Homicide The killing of one person by another.
Kidnapping Seizing and taking away a person by force or fraud, often with a demand for ransom.
Manslaughter the unlawful killing of a human being without malice
Murder The killing of a human being with malice aforethought.
Rape unlawful sexual activity with a person without consent and usually by force or threat of injury.
Second Degree Murder the killing of a human being committed intentionally; unintentionally but recklessly under circumstances manifesting extreme indifference to the value of human life.
Sexual Assault offensive sexual contact with another person exclusive of rape.
Sexual Battery the forced penetration of or contact with another’s sexual organs or the sexual organs of the perpetrator.
Stalking the act or instance of following or loitering near another with the purpose of annoying or harassing that person or committing a further crime.
Treason the attempt to overthrow the government either by making war against the state or materially supporting its enemies. (spying for enemies).
Created by: DowdLA
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