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HCTA MedTerm ch10
HCTA MedTerm Ch 10 eye
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| blephar/o | eyelid |
| conjunctiv/o | come together |
| corne/o, kerat/o | cornea |
| cycl/o | circle, ciliary body |
| ir/o, irid/o | colored circle, iris |
| lacrim/o, dacry/o | tear |
| ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o | eye |
| phac/o, phak/o | lens |
| presby/o | old age |
| retin/o | retina |
| scler/o | hard/sclera |
| vitre/o | glassy |
| -opia (suffix) | condition of vision |
| anterior chamber | fluid-filled space b/w cornea and iris |
| aqueous humor | watery liq secreted by the ciliary processes, nourishment for the corneas, iris, and lens |
| canal of schlemm | duct in anterior chamber that carries filtered aqueous humor to the veines in bloodstream |
| choroid | vascular layer beneath the sclera provides nourishment to outer portion of retina |
| ciliary body | ring of tissue behind peripheral iris composed of ciliary musscle and processes |
| ciliary muscle | smooth muscle of ciliary body contracts assist in near vision |
| ciliary processes | epithelial tissue folds on the inner surface of ciliary body secretes aqueous humor |
| conjunctiva | musous membrane lines eyelids and outer surface of eyeball |
| cornea | transparent, anterior of eyeball covering iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract light to fosus image |
| palpebra (singular) | eyelid |
| palpebrae (plural) | eyelids |
| fovea centralis | pinpoint depression in center of macula lutea (sharp vision) fovea = "pit" |
| fundus | interior surface of eyeball, includes retina, optic disk, macula, posterior pole (fundus = "base") |
| glands of Zeis | oil glands surrounding eyelashes |
| meibomian glands | oil glands located along the rim of eyelids |
| iris | colored circle behind cornea that contracts and dilates to regulate light passing to pupil |
| macula lutea | central region of retina, responsible for central vision, yellow pigment provides its color (lutea = "yellow") |
| macula | aka macula lutea, central region of retina |
| nasolacrimal duct | passage for tears from lacrimal sac to nose |
| optic disk | exit site of retinal nerve fibers as well as entrance for retinal arteries and exit for retinal veins |
| optic nerve | nerve carring impulses for sight from retina to brain |
| posterior chamber | space b/w back of iris and front of vitreous chamber, filled w/ aqueous humor |
| pupil | black, circular opening in center of iris thru-which light passes |
| retina | innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to optic nerve |
| sclera | tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from cornea to optic nearve |
| trabecular meshwork | mesh-like structure in anterior chamber that filters the aqueous humor as it flows into the canal of schlemm |
| vitreous | jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber b/w lens and retina |
| asthenopia | eyestrain (asthenia = "weak condition") |
| blepharospasm | involuntary contraction of muscles surrounding eye (blink/lid squeezing) |
| diplopia | double vision |
| exophthalmos, exophthalmus | abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs |
| lacrimation | secretion of tears |
| nystagmus | involuntary, rapid, oscillating movement of eyeball (nystagmos = "nodding") |
| photophobia | extreme sensitivity to, discomfort from, light |
| scotoma | blind spot in vision (skotos = darkness) |
| astigmatism | distortion of light by oblong or cylindracal curvature of lens or cornea prevents light from coming to single focus on retina (stigma = "point") |
| hyperopia | farsightedness |
| myopia | nearsightedness |
| presbyopia | old age impairment of vision, loss of accommodation |
| accomodation | ability of eye to adjust focus on near objects |
| amblyopia | decreased vision early in life b/c of fct'l defect result of strabismus, refractive error, farsighted, astigmatic, trauma, lazy eye, usually in one eye (ambly/o = dim) |
| blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelid |
| blepharochalasis | baggy eyelid, loss of skin elasticity on upper eyelid (chalasis = "slackening") |
| dermatochalasis | blapharochalasis (slackening of upper eyelid) |
| blepharoptosis | drooping of eyeid caused by paralysis |
| ptosis | drooping of eyelid by paralysis (blepharoptosis) |
| chalazion | chronic nodular inflammation of meibomian gland, blacked duct, swelling on upper/lower eyelid (chalaza = "hailstone") |
| conjunctivitis | pinkeye, inflam of conjunctiva |
| dacryoadenitis | inflammation of lacrimal gland |
| dacryocystitis | inflammation of tear sac |
| diabetic retinophathy | dz of retina in diabetics |
| ectropion | outward turn of rim of eyelid (tropo = "turning") |
| entropion | inward turning of rim of eyelid |
| epiphora | abnormal overflow of tears caused by blockage of lacrimal duct (epi = upon, phero = to bear) |
| glaucoma | group of dz's of eye charaterized by increased intraocular pressure results in optic nerve damage/defective vision |
| hordeolum | sty, acute infection of sebaceous gland of eyelid (hordeum = "barley") |
| iritis | inflammation of iris |
| keratitis | inflammation of cornea |
| macular degeneration | breakdown or thinning of macula tissue, loss of central vision |
| pseudophakia | nat'l lens replaced w/artificial implanted lens |
| pterygium | fibrous, wing-shaped, growth of conjunctival tissue that extends into cornea, caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light |
| strabismus | eye misalignment caused by intraocular muscle imbalance (strabismus = squinting, hetero = other) |
| heterotropia | other eye strabismus |
| esotropia | right/left eye deviates inward (eso = inward) (strabismus) |
| exotropia | right/left eye deviates outward (exo = outward, tropo = turning) |
| trichiasis | misdirected eyelashes that rub on conjunctiva or cornea |
| distance visual acuity | meas. at 20 feet (20/20 vision, or 6/6 meters vision) |
| fluorescein angiography | visualization and photography of retinal and choroidal vessels made as fluorescein dye, injected, circulates thru eye |
| ophthalmoscopy | use of opththalmoscope to view interior of eye |
| slit lamp biomicroscopy | use of table top microscope to exame eye, esp. cornea, lens, fluids, and membranes |
| tonometry | use of tonometer to mesure intraocular pressure, elevated by glaucoma |
| blepharoplasty | surgical repair of eyelid |
| cryoretinopexy | use of cold to seal hole, or tear, in retina, used to tx retinal detachment |
| cryopexy | cryoretinopexy, tx w/cold hole in retina |
| dacryocystectomy | exceison of lacrimal sac |
| iridectomy | excisison of portion of iris tissue |
| iridotomy | incision into the iris, (laser) used to tx glaucoma |
| keratoplasty | corneal transplantation (donor) |
| laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (Lasik) | laser reshaping of cornea to correct refractive error |
| Intraocular lens (IOL) implant | implant of artificial lens |
| phacoemulsification | use of ultrasound to shatter cataract and aspirate lens |
| scleral buckling | surgery to tx retinal detachment placing band of silicone around sclaera to cinch toward middle of eye (combined with cryoretinopexy) |
| eye instillation | medicated solution goes in eye |
| irrigation | washing of eye |
| cycloplegic | agent to paralyze ciliary muscle that causes accommodation, for eye exam |
| mydriatic | agent that causes dilation of pupil, for eye exam |
| miotic | agent causes pupil to contract (mio = "less") |
Created by:
HCTA
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