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Env. Science Ch. 4
Environmental Science - Chapter 4 - Population Ecology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environments. | ecology |
| A group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring. | species |
| Members of a species that live in the same area at the same time. | population |
| All of the populations in a particular area. | community |
| All living things and their physical environment within a particular area. | ecosystem |
| All parts of Earth that host life, with all of its organisms and environments. | biosphere |
| Parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living. | biotic factors |
| Parts of an ecosystem that have never been living. | abiotic factors |
| The specific environment in which an organism lives. | habitat |
| Anything an organism needs, including nutrition, shelter, breeding sites, and mates. | resources |
| Describes the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time. | population size |
| Describes the number of individuals within a populaton per unit area. | population density |
| Describes how organisms are arranged within an area. | population distribution |
| Describes the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population. | age structure |
| Visual tools scientists use to show the age structure of populations. | age structure diagrams |
| A populations proportion of males to females. | sex ratio |
| A graph that shows how the likelihood of death varies with age. | survivorship curves |
| The arrival of individuals from outside a given area. | immigration |
| The departure of individuals from a given area. | emigration |
| The seasonal movement into and out of an area. | migration |
| When a population increases by a fixed percentage each year. | exponential growth |
| A chacteristic of the environment that restricts population growth. | limiting factor |
| The largest population a given environment can support. | carry capacity |
| The pattern of population growth in which exponential growth is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors. | logistic growth |
| A limiting factor whose influence changes with population density; includes competetion, predation, and disease. | density-dependent factor |
| A limiting factor whose influence is not affected by population density; includes catastrophic events. | density-independent factor |
| The growth rate of a population under ideal conditions. | biotic potential |
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