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Lecture 3

Introduction to Membranes

QuestionAnswer
Integrins Receptor protein that interconnects the extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton
Phagocytosis Type of endocytosis in which large particles are taken up by cell
Exocytosis Cellular secretion of biological molecules by fusion of vesicles
Endocytosis Cellular uptake of molecules via a formation of vesicles from membrane
Fluid Mosaic Model Accepted model of cell membrane, mosaic of proteins integrated within fluid bilayer of phospholipids
Intergral Membrane Protein Has hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions that extend to the corresponding sides in the bilayer
Peripheral Membrane Protein Loosely bound to surface of membrane/integral protein. Not imbedded in lipid bilayer
Amphiphilic Molecule Molecule with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic characteristics
Hypotonic Solution surrounds the inside of a cell, causing an uptake of water
Hypertonic Solution surrounds outside of cell, causing the cell to lose water
Isotonic Solution surrounding the cell causes no movement
Plasmolysis Walls of cell shrivel up due to loss of water within a cell (hypertonic environment)
Turgid Swollen, when cell takes up water (hypotonic environment)
Flaccid Limp, when water leaves cell (hypertonic environment)
Active Transport Movement of substance against concentration gradient. Monitored by transport proteins and requiring energy
Passive Transport Diffusion of substances across membrane, not requiring energy
Electrogenic Pump Active transport protein that generates voltage across membrane while pumping ions
Proton Pump Active transport protein, uses ATP to transport H+ out of the cell against gradient
Cotransport Coupling "downhill with uphill"
Cholesterol Acts as a pylon when bilayer experiences high temperatures, increases fluidity when bilayer is in low temperatures
Selective Permeability Property of membranes that allows them to regulate the passage of substances across
Membrane Potential Difference in electrical charge across plasma membrane due to different distribution of ions.
Created by: 831425276
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