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Harvesting energy
Cellural respiration and Fermentation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Metabolic pathways | they Proceed in small steps and each is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. * they are often compartmentalized and highly regulated |
| LEO goes GER | Loss of Electron Oxidation *Gain Electron = Reduction |
| Oxidation reaction often gain? | they loose an electron but often gain oxygen |
| Reduction reactions are accompanied by? | they Will gain an electron. H often accompanies electrons in reduction |
| Electron carriers are? | NAD+ = NADH + H+ NAD+ = oxidized form NADH + H+ = reduced form they are often coenzymes (reduced) and are paired with a substrate that are oxidized |
| in Eukaryotes: Glycolysis and fermentation take place in? | they take place in External to Mitochondria |
| (Eukaryotes)Respiratory chain takes place in? | it takes place in the inner membrane inside the mitochondria |
| (Eukaryotes)Pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle take place in? | they take place inside the matrix of the mitochondria |
| (Prokaryotes) what takes place in the cytoplasm? | glycolysis,fermentation, pyruvate oxidation, and citric acid cycle |
| (prokaryotes) what takes place in the inner face of plasma membrane? | the respiratory chain |
| What process is Glycolysis? | Glycolysis is an exergonic process although in the prepatory phase energy is invested. |
| what happens in the prepatory phase of glycolysis? | ATP energy is invested and two 3-carbon molecules are produced |
| what happens in the payoff phase of glycolysis? | the oxidation of the 3-carbon molecule to pyruvate * the reduction of 2NAD+ molecules *net gain of 2 ATP molecules |
| what is produced for each glucose? | for each glucose we get: *2 pyruvates *NADH + 2H+ *2 ATP |
| what is Substrate Level Phosphorylation? | phosphate is taken from a substrate molecule and added to ADP |
| what happens to pyruvate after glycolysis? | if there is oxygen it will go to the krebs cycle(pyruvate oxidation) *if not oxygen it will result in fermentation |
| when does Pyruvate oxidation occur? | it occurs as pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrial matrix. (citric acid cycle or KREBS CYCLE) |
| What happens to the energy produced in pyruvate oxidation and Krebs cycle? | the electrons are transported to the respiratory chain |
| where does the electron transport system occur? | it occurs int he innner-mitochondrial membrane (exergonic process) |
| what is Proton pumping? | when electrons pass along the electron transport chain the energy released causes protons (H+) to move from the matrix to the inter membrane space. |
| ATP Synthesis: how does it work? | since the mitochondria is negative compare to the intermembrane space the protons are attracted to it. they pass through the ATP synthase. it is an enzyme that uses the energy of the gradient to catalyze ATP from ADP and P+ |
| Oxidative Phospholylation: what is it? | it is responsible for most ATP production. * an Inorganic phosphate is added to ADP to create ATP * process depends on electron transport chain. |
| Aerobic respiration and anerobic respiration: what is the difference? | Aerobic respiration is when O2 = electron acceptor * when the electron acceptor is something other than O2 |
| Fermentation | the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule produces 2 lactate or 2 ethanol + 2CO2 from glucose |
| Why do we have fermentation? | when oxygen is not available an organic molecule can accept the electron of glucose. this then uses NADH and takes electrons away to produce NAD+ so cycle can continue. Process use to recycle NADH |
Created by:
lesly.carina
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