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ANS
autonomic system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell body | Contains the nucles, concerned with metabolism and function of the cell |
| Dendrites | Conduct impulses toward the cell body |
| Axon (nerve fibers) | Conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body |
| Synaptic end bulbs | At the terminal ends of axons, they are sacs that contain synaptic vesicles |
| Synaptic Vesicles | Contain neurotransmitters ie. norepi, dopamine, Ach, seritonin |
| Myastenia Gravis | an autoimmune disease, the post synaptic membrane becomes distorted and cannot recieve Ach |
| Lou Gehrigs disease | Disrupted dignals to muscles |
| Neurotransmitters | messengers that travel from the brain cell to another,chemical signals the neurons use to talk to each other |
| Myelin Sheathe | Covers axons of some of the CNS nerves and peripheral nerves, speeds up conduction and insulates the axon |
| Neurolemmocytes | Sheathe covering the PNS |
| Neurolemma | Outer layer of the Neurolemmocytes -Sheathe of Schwann (schwann cells)-aids in regeneration |
| Nodes of Ranvier | Gaps formed between the myelin sheath- |
| Saltatory conduction | Rapid rate of conduction |
| Schwann cells | Produce growth factor |
| Nerve growth factor | A protein that has hormone like actions-Schwann cells produce this |
| Regeneration of an axon depends on.. | 1.Location of injury,2.Type of injury 3.Inflammatory response 4.Process of scarring 5.Cell body staying intact 6.Neurolemma remain active |
| CNS Myelin Sheath | Made of Oligodendricyte cells-do not regenerate |
| Multiple Sclerosis | The myelin sheath deteriorate and sclerose |
| Tay-Sachs | Inherited neuro-degenerative disorder (fatty substances accumalate in the nerve cells) |
| Guillian Barre syndrom | Due to viral infection,toxic exposure,immunizations |
| CNS is comprised of | Brain and spinal cord |
| Peripheral nerves are comprised of | Afferent (goes up) Efferent nerves (goes down)- Somatic NS (voluntary Autonomic (Involuntary) |
| Polarized state | cell is at rest-Na+ K+ pump turned on,Na+ out,K+ in (cell is negative) |
| Action Potential | Na+ moves in, Ca follows, K+ slowly moves out (cell is now positive)-causes cell to explode |
| Repolarization | K+ continues to move out the cell,Na+ K+ pump turns back on,cell is then reset and back to resting potential state |
| Amphetamines | increases neurotransmitter release |
| SSRI Drugs | increases presence of serotonin in the synapse |
| Cocaine | Blocks reuptake and keeps neuron firing |
| Ganglia | A relay station between nerve cells |
| Preganglionic nerve fiber | Comes into the ganglia |
| Postganglionic nerve fiber | Located in the ganglia |
| Junctions | Space between the nerve fiber cells and the effector cells |
| Effectors | cardiac muscle smooth muscle glands Viscera |
| Synapse | (small space filled with extracellular fluid) A region surrounding the point of communication between 2 neurons or a neuron and the effector organ |
| All preganglionic neurons release?? | Acetylecholine |
| The ANS is regulated by the ?? | Cerebral cortex,Medulla and the (Hypothalamus )(main controller) |
| Somatic Nervous System | -Cell body located in CNS -axons run from CNS to skeletal muscles directly no ganglia involved |
| SNS preganglionic cells bodys found in | the spinal cord from T1-L2&3 Synapses with 20 or more |
| Adrenergic fibers | stimulate the adrenal gland-releases 80% Epi and 20% nor epi |
| PNS preganglionic cell bodies are found in | Cranial nerves 3,7,9,10 and Sacral S2-S4 Synapses with 4-5 postganglionic cell bodies |
| in the PNS the Most extensive distribution of fibers comes from | Vagus nerve (80%)of outflow |
| Vagus nerve innervates with | pharnx, thorax, pelvis and abdomen |
| Adrenergic neurotransmitters are | Epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| cholinergic neurotransmitters are | aCh -acetylcholine |
| AchE-Acetylcholinesterase function | inactivates and prevents accumalation of Ach at the effector organ |
| Adrenergic Deactivators are | COMT-Catecholamethyltransferase-breaks norepi &epi MAO-MOnoamineOxidase-breaks down dopamine |
| PNS-Cholinergic Receptors | Nicotonic-on post ganglionic cell body Muscuranic-on effector organ (just PNS) |
| SNS-Adrenergic Receptors | Beta 1,Beta2,Alpha1,Alpha2 (on postganglionic axon) |
| Agonist | -mimetic |
| Antagonist | -olytic |
Created by:
rebeccabelleth
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