Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Antiepileptics
Chapter 13 - Nsg. 118
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Brief episodes of abnormal electrical activity in the nerve cells of the brain | Seizures |
| Involuntary spasmodic contractions of any or all voluntary muscles throughout the body | Convulsions |
| Chronic, recurrent pattern of seizures | Epilepsy |
| Two types of Epilepsy: | Primary = unknown cause & Secondary = distinct cause (trauma,infections) |
| Classification of Epilepsy: | Partial (Simplex & Complex); Generalized; Unclassified; Status epilepticus (continuous seizures) |
| Drugs that control & prevent seizures and lessen adverse effects of seizures are | Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) |
| Characteristics of AEDs | usualy lifelong therapy, and can be used in combination with other drugs |
| Method of Action for AEDs | 1. Stabilize Neurons 2. decrease neuron hyperexcitability 3. decrease spread of excessive nerve impulses |
| Indications for AEDs | Prevent & control seizure activity, Long-Term maintenance for chronic seizures, acute treatment of convulsitons & status epilepticus |
| Phenytoin (Dilantin) - most commonly used for tonic-clonic | Adverse Effects: lethargy, abnormal movements mental confusion, cognitive changes. Therapeutic Level: 10-20mcg/mL Contraindications: Exaggerated effectsif low serum albumin; very irritating to veins so give slowly (<50mg/min and follow with NS) |
| Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx) give 1.5 of this inplace of 1.0 of phenytoin | This drug alleviates teh buring during injections. Give at a rate of 150mg PE/min to avoid hypotension & cardiorespiratory depression . Only give with 0.9%NaCl or D5W. |
| Valproic Acid (Depakote) | Adverse Effects: Drowsiness, NV, tremors, weight gain, hepatotoxicity & pancreatitis; Interactions: carbonated beverages or milk |
| Carbamazepine (Tegretol) most commonly prescribed | Therapeutic level 4-12mcg/mL; undergoes autoinduction: Interactions: Grapefruit increases toxicity. Can be given with food to reduce GI distress. |
| Gabapentin (Neurontin) | (blank) |
| Clonazepam (Klonipin) | causes hallucinations Indications: Lennox-Gastaut |
| IM injections of these should not be used in any patient | barbiturates or phenytoin |
| Levetiracetam (Keppra) | Most common adverse effects are: somnolence, asthenia(thin), and dizziness |
Created by:
LILES
Popular Nursing sets