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Bis 101

Lecture 6

QuestionAnswer
What is the Nucleoid? Region where tightly packed bacterial chromosomes are found
What are plasmids? Small, circular pieces of DNA that exist independently of the bacterial chromosome - Used for growth advantages - Replicates independently of bacterial chromosome
What are resistance plasmids? Contain genes that confer resistance to antibiotics and other kinds of toxins
What are degradative plasmids? Carry genes that enable to bacteria to digest and utilize an unusual substance
What are col-plasmids? Contain genes that encode colicins, which are proteins that kill other bacteria
What are virulence plasmids? Carry genes that turn a bacteria into a pathogenic strain
What are fertility plasmids? (F Factors) Genes that allow bacteria to mate with each other
What is binary fission? A method of bacterial reproduction, that doesn't rely on Meiosis
What are the two sources of genetic diversity in bacteria? 1: Mutations 2: Genetic transfer
What is bacterial Conjugation? 1: A form of genetic transfer 2: Direct physical contact transfers genetic material 3: Can transfer plasmid or genome 4: Need pili (F Factors)
What is bacterial Transformation? 1: A form of genetic transfer 2: When DNA is released from a dead bacteria into the environment then picked up.
What is bacterial Transduction? 1: A form of genetic transfer 2: A virus transfers genetic material from one bacterium to another
What is vertical gene transfer? When genes are passed from one generation to another
What is Horizontal gene transfer? When genes are passed from one person to another, often mutating
How does the F factor replicate? Infects F- bacteria and that bacteria grows F+ factors
What is an Hfr strain? When the F+ bacteria transfers some genome through conjugation that then bonds with the genome of the infected bacteria
Created by: 24rory
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