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A&P Chp. 4 add-on
Skin Structure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Epidermis | -outer layer -stratified squamous epithelium -keratinized to prevent water loss -avascular -most cells are keratinocytes |
| Dermis | -dense connective tissue -bulk of skin -vascular |
| Subcutaneous Tissue (hypodermis) | -not part of skin -anchors skin to underlying tissue -composed mostly of adipose tissue |
| Layers of the Epidermis | -stratum basale -stratum spinosum -stratum granulosum -stratum lucidum -stratum corneum |
| (Epidermis) Stratum Basale | -deepest layer of epidermis -lies next to dermis -wavy borderline with the dermis anchors the two together -cells undergoing mitosis -daughter cells are pushed upward to become the more superficial layers |
| (Epidermis) Stratum Spinosum | -'prickly' layer -several cell layers thick -desmosomes -'spiny' shaped keratinocytes |
| (Epidermis) Stratum Granulosum | -3 to 5 cell layers thick -dramatic change in appearance -nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles degrade -keratinaization -protection and waterproof -LAST LAYER TO RECEIVE NUTRIENT -AVASCULAR |
| (Epidermis) Stratum Lucidum | -formed from dead cells of the deeper strata -occurs only in thick, hairless skin (palms and soles) |
| (Epidermis) Stratum Corneum | -outermost layer of epidermis -shingle-like dead cells are filled with keratin |
| List 2 layers of Dermis | 1)papillary layer 2)reticular layer |
| (Dermis) Papillary Layer | -upper dermal region *some contain capillary loops *others house pain receptors and touch receptors |
| (Dermis) Reticular Layer | -deepest skin layer -blood vessels -sweat and oil glands -deep pressure receptors |
| Overall Structure of Dermis | -collagen and elastic fibers located throughout the dermis -blood vessels play a role in body temperature regulation |