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OSTEOLOGY_
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how many bones are in the skeletal system? | 206 |
| what are the two divisions within the skeletal system and how many bones are in each? | axial (80) appendicular (126) |
| bone surface markings: depressions | fossa |
| bone surface markings: openings | foramen |
| how many bones are in the skull? | 22 |
| what are the two divisions of bones in the skull and how many bones are in each? | cranial (8) facial (14) |
| what are the 4 major bones of the skull? | frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital |
| what is another term for the sphenoid bone and why? | the "keystone" of the skull, because it in contact with all other cranial bones |
| describe the sella turcica | saddle shape impression that contains the pituitary gland |
| function of vomer bone? | helps form nasal cavity floor |
| largest and strongest facial bone? | mandible |
| difference between suture joints and fontanel joints in the skull? | sutures are zig zag shaped joints and fontanels are membrane filled space between cranial bones |
| another term for the hyoid bone and why is it called this? | "csi bone" because it is injured in strangulation cases |
| (vertebral column) function of vertebral bodies: | bears weight |
| (vertebral column) function of inter-vertebral discs | absorbs shock |
| what are normal curves of the spine? | c-shape and serial |
| what are abnormal curves of the spine? | kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis |
| name and describe the two parts of the intervertebral discs? | 1. annulus: fibrosis outer portion 2. nucleus pulposus: toothpaste/gel-like |
| what are the three regions of the sternum? | manubrum, body, xiphoid process |
| true ribs include: | 1-7 |
| false ribs include: | 8-12 |
| floating ribs include: | 11 and 12 |
| 2 types of spinal stenosis? | cervical and lumbar |
| what two diseases cause vertebral fractures? | osteoporosis and osteoarthritis |
| what bones make up pectoral girdle? | anterior clavicle and posterior scapula |
| where do most fractures in the clavicle occur? | midregion |
| what are the 5 regions of the scapula? | spine, border, notch, fossa and angle |
| longest and largest upper extremity? | humerus |
| 2 necks of the humerus? and which sustains fracture? | anatomical and surgical (sustains fracture) |
| another term for forearm, what are the 2 regions included, and what is between these two regions | antebrachial, radius (thumb side) and ulna (pinky side), interosseous membrane |
| what carpal bones are included in the distal row: | 1. trapezium 2.trapezoid 3.capitate 4.hamate |
| what carpal bones are included in the proximal row: | 1. lunate 2.scaphoid 3.pisiform 4.triquetrium |
| what are the heads called on the metacarpals? | heads |
| anterior union in the pelvic girdle? | pubic symphysis |
| posterior union in the pelvic girdle? | SI (sacroiliac) joints |
| what are the bones in the coxa and where do they converge? | ilium, pubis, ischium, all three converge at the acetabulum |
| what 7 bones are included in the lower extremities? which is the weight bearing bone and which is the largest? | 1. femur (largest) 2.patella 3.fibula 4.tibia(weight bearing) 5.tarsals 6.metatarsals 7.phalanges |
| what are the 7 bones of the foot? | talus, calcanlus, cuboid, navicular, and three cuneiforms |
| what are the functions of the arches in the foot? | support and distribute weight, provide leverage |
| MLA (medial-latitudinal arch) function in flat foot? | fallen MLA |
| MLA (medial-latitudinal arch) function in claw foot? | elevated MLA |
| MLA (medial-latitudinal arch) function in club foot? | elevated MLA with twisted foot |
| what is gennvargus | bowleggedness |
| what is gennvalgus | knock knees |
Created by:
jguard423
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