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Biology
WCHS Biology Wagaman Chapter 8
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Active transport | energy expending process by which cells transport material across the cell membrane against a concentration gradient |
| Passive Transport | movement of particles across cell membranes by diffusion or osmosis; the cell uses no energy to move particles across the membrane |
| Interphase | 1) chromosomes replicate, 2) growth 3) organelles form |
| Cell Division | 1) Nuclear Division - Mitosis 2) Clytoplasm division – Cytokinesis |
| Cell Cycle | I.) Intraphase II) Cell Division |
| Cytokinesis | cell membrane pinches to form 2 daughter cells |
| Mitosis | the orderly process of nuclear division in which two new daughter cells each receive a complete set of chromosomes |
| Meiosis | cell division that results in a gamete containing half the number of chromosomes of it parent |
| Prophase | nuclear membrane disappears (spindleforms), spindle forms, nuclear membrane disappears |
| Blastula | hollow ball of cells in a layer surrounding a fluid-filled space; an animal embryo after cleavage but before the formation of the gastrula (8 identical cells than differentiation) |
| Differentiation | starts right after blastula |
| Centro mere | cell structure that joins two sister chromotids of a chromosome |
| Hypertonic | in cells, solution in which the concentration of dissolved substance outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell, causes a cell to shrink as water leaves the cell |
| Hypotonic | in cells, solution in which the concentration of dissolved substance is lower in the solution outside the cell than concentration inside the cell; causes a cell to swell and possible burst as water enter the cell |
| Isotonic | in cells solution in which the concentration of dissolved substance in the solution is the same as the concentration of dissolved substance inside a cell |
| Diffusion | net, random movement of particles forms an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, eventually resulting in even distribution. |
| Osmosis | diffusion of water across a selectively pumeable membrane depending on the concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane |
| Regeneration | replacement or regrowth of missing body parts |
| Vegetative reproduction | type of asexual reproduction in plants where a new plant is produced from existing plant organs or parts of organs |
| Sister chromatids | identical halves of a duplicated parent chromosome formed during the prophase stage of mitosis; the halves are held together by a centromere |
| Endocytosis | active transport process where a cell engulfs material with a portion of the cells plasma membrane and releases the contents inside the cell |
| Exocytosis | active transport process by which materials are secreted or expelled form a cell |
| Metaphase | chromatids line up to form metaphase plate |
| Anaphase | chromatids separate and travel to ends of cell |
| Telophase | nuclear membrane form around each set of chromosome |
Created by:
dmoudy
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