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Chapter 13
Vesicular traffic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Vesicular tubule clusters move along...... and fuse with.... | microtubules and Golgi |
| What happen as soon as COPII coats are shed? | COPI formed |
| why protein glycolylation? | 1. Make folding intermediates more soluble thereby preventing their aggregaton 2.Mediates P folding-binding of P to chaperones. 3.Cell-surface signaling receptor--regulatory role 4.cell-cell recognition |
| The coat functions are (1): | 1.concentrates specific membrane P in a specialized membrane patch that then gives rise to the vesicle membrane.Help select the appropriate molecules for transport. |
| The coat function are (2) | 2.The assembly of the coat P into curved, basketlike lattices deforms the membrane patch and therby molds the forming vesicles, which explains why vesicles with the same type of coat have a relatively uniform size. |
| 3 well-characterized type of coated vesicles, which differ in their coat P | clathrin coat, COPI-coated, COPII-coated. |
| vesticular transport | means proteins are transported in small membrane bound containers called vesicles and they do not have to cross the membranes of the organelles. |
| cargo | membrane + protein |
| Transport vesicles --selective- | take appropriate molecules and fuse with appropriate target membrane . |
| How do these vesicles get in to a target compartment with specificity? | Membranes have Molecular markers on the cytosolic side serve as a molecular addresses |
| What is the purpose of coating? | - Selects and concentrates particular molecules for transport - Coat molds the vesicle in to certain shape (size).Vesicles with same coat are relatively similar in size and shape |
| Clathrin coated | From PM and between Endosomal and Golgi compartments |
| COPI | Bud from Golgi |
| COPII | Bud from ER |
| Using the PIP phosphatase (clathrin coat) acts on PIP2(membrane)--- | weakens the binding of adaptor to membrane and clathrin |
| weakens the binding of adaptor to membrane and clathrin | as an uncoating ATPase.---using the energy of ATP it peels off the clathrin coat |
| Soluble cytoplasmic proteins like DYNAMIN | help in pinching off the bud--by forming a ring around the neck of bud. Dynamin recruits other proteins and help to bring and seal two non-cytosolic side of the membranes --pinch off. And form a vesicle. |
| Transport vesicles are not always spherical and same size--various sizes and shapes--- tubules or spherical-depending on | the efficiency of tubule formation and the pinching -off process. |
| consists of 3 large and 3 small polypeptide chains --form three legged structure called | Triskelions of Clathrin |
| Clathrin Triskelions assemble into a basket like convex framework of hexagons and pentagons | to form coated pits on the cytosolic surface of membrane |
| Atherosclerosis | genetic predisposition lack receptor or defective |
| -LDL particle | Cholesterol transported in blood as cholesteryl esters associated with lipid -protein particle- |
| LDL receptor makes | one round trip/10min. Whether occupied or not. Life span 20 hrs. |
| exocytosis is | Fusion of vesicles with the PM |
| two pathway of exocytosis (1): | Constitutive secretory pathway---unregulated--soluble proteins, proteins and lipids to make PM |
| two pathway of exocytosis (2): | Regulated secretory pathway--- specialized cells--soluble proteins stored in vesicles--secretory vesicles-- hormones, neurotransmitters and digestive enzymes.stored until external stimulus stimulates secretion |
| Proteins are concentrated become condensed because of | the retrograde retrieval process (membrane and proteins), closely packed and lumen become acidic because of vacuolar H+ ATPases (progressive acidification) |
| Membrane recycling imp. to | to return the components to Golgi and to concentrate the contents of vesicles |
| Major protein is Clathrin- | 3 large and 3 small polypeotide chains and formed a three legged structure triskelion several such triskelions assemble to form a polyhedral structure to form coated vesicles or pits. |
| Adaptor protein- | another major component, form a discrete second layer of the coat between the clathrin and the membrane.bind the clathrin coat to the membrane and trap transmembrane receptors that capture soluble proteins-(cargo receptors). |
| Adaptor protein | Clathrin vesicles from different membrane organelles use different adaptor proteins and thus package different proteins. |
Created by:
chuonggioxanh
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