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Stratigraphics
Learn the seven stratigraphic principles.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Principles of superposition. | In a sequence of sedimentary rocks, the oldest layer is at the bottom and the youngest layer is at the top. Sometimes referred to as "layer cake geology" |
| principle of original horizontality. | Sedimentary rocks are deposited in layers parallel to Earth's surface. |
| Principle of original lateral continuity. | Sedimentary beds originally are laterally continuous within their environments of deposition. |
| Principle of cross-cutting relationships. | Rocks or other geologic features that cut across preexisting rocks are younger than the rocks that they cut across. |
| Principle of inclusions. | Any part of an existing rock that is incorporated into a sedimentary layers or igneous intrusion is older than the sedimentary layer or intrusion into which it has been incorporated. |
| Principle of unconforormities. | Develops in a geologic cross-section when erosion or nondeposition interrupts the continuity of the geologic record. |
| The principle of fossil succession | Rock layers record the changes because the fossils of plants and animals that lived at one time will not be found in rocks that were formed at a different time. |