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INTEGUMENTARY_SYSTEM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| parts of the integumentary system? | skin, hair, nails, and glands |
| principle skin regions | epidermis, dermis, hypodermis (SQ) |
| what is the most superficial region of the epidermis? | corneum |
| what is the deepest region of the epidermis? | basale |
| langerhaus cell: what is it and what does it do | epidermal cell, responsible for immune function |
| merkel cell: what is it and what does it do? | epidermal cell, responsible for sense of touch (tactile sensations) |
| What are the 6 functions of the integumentary system? | 1. body temperature regulation 2.blood reservoir 3. protection 4.sensations 5. excretion/absorption 6. vitamin D3 synthesis/trans-dermal applications (TDA) |
| free nerve endings: what is it and what does it do? | dermal structure, causes itching |
| corpuscles: what is it and what does it do? | dermal structure, responsible for tactile sensations touch and pressure |
| UVA RAYS: describe wave length, penetration, and what it causes | long wave length, dermal penetration, causes wrinkling |
| UVB RAYS: describe wave length and effects | shorter wave length, genetic damage, drug warnings |
| describe the structural basis of skin color: | melanin: brown, carotene: yellow-orange, hemoglobin: red |
| color diagnostic clues: cyanosis, color and reasoning | blue skin, not enough oxygen getting around to tissues |
| skin color diagnostic clues: jaundice, color and reasoning | yellow skin, high levels of bilirubin in blood |
| skin color diagnostic clues: erythema, color and reasoning | red skin; heat, infection, inflammation, rash, burn, etc. |
| what part of the hair is dead and what part is alive? | dead: shaft; alive: root, follicle, bulb, and plexi |
| what are the 2 hair growth stages? | anagen: growing; telogen: resting |
| how minoxidil works with male patterned baldness (MPB) | it blocks follicle from DHT attack |
| sebaceous gland: what is it, what does it secrete: | skin gland, secretes an oily substance sebum |
| sudoriferous gland: what is it, what is it responsible for | skin gland, sweat |
| ceruminous gland: what is it, what does it secrete? | skin gland, cerumen (ear wax) |
| mammy gland: what is it, what does it secrete: | skin gland, milk |
| functions of thermoregulation | 1. sweat liberation (perspiration) 2. blood flow adjustments |
| 4 ways the skin protects itself | 1.keratin 2.lipids 4.pH 5.phagocytosis |
| what does the skin excrete? | sweat, salt, CO2 |
| what does the skin absorb? | O2 and CO2, solvents, topicals |
| 4 examples of trans-dermal applications: | 1. birth control 2.smoking cessation 3.motion sickness 4. chest pain (angina) |
| name and describe the first step of deep wound healing? | inflammation: a blood clot unites the edges of the wound. |
| name and describe the second step of deep wound healing? | migratory:epithelial cells beneath the scab bridge the wound, fibroblasts begin scar tissue and the damaged blood vessels begin to regrow |
| name and describe the third step of deep wound healing? | proliferative: the migratory phase intensifies |
| name and describe the fourth step of deep wound healing? | maturation: the scab sloughs off, epidermis is restored to normal thickness, collagen fibers become more organized, fibroblasts decrease and the blood vessels are restore to normal. |
| what primary germ layer is the epidermis derived from? | ectoderm |
| what primary germ layer is the dermis derived from? | mesoderm |
| functions of vernix caseosa | facilitates birth process and protects fetal skin |
| what does ABCD stand for in reference to skin cancer? | A: assymmetry B: border C: color D: diameter |
| what are the 4 risk factors for skin cancer: | 1. skin type 2. sun exposure 3. family history 4. age and immune status |
| what are 5 systemic effects of burns | 1. loss of plasma proteins 2. shock 3. dehydration 4. sepsis 5. lowered immune responce |
| basal cell carcinoma, what is the rate of occurrence? | 78% |
| squamous cell carcinoma, what is the rate of occurrence? | 20% |
| malignant melanoma: what is the rate of occurrence? | 2% |
| what is damaged in first degree burn? | epidermis |
| what is damaged in second degree burn? | epidermis and dermis |
| what is damaged in third degree burn? | full thickness is damaged |
| what are 4 causes of burns | heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation |
| name 4 fungal disorders where it occurs | 1. tinea pedis (feet) 2. tinea corporis (body) 3. tinea versicolor, 4. tinea unguium (nails) |
Created by:
jguard423
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