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scioly-anatomy2012
nervous system questions to study for science olympiad
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a quick involuntary response to a sensory stimulus (knee jerk) | reflex action |
| the bio-electrical signals conducted by nerve cells ar known as | neural impulse |
| the ______ nervous system controls involuntary actions and actions of the internal organs | autonomic |
| the ______ nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements and the senses | somatic |
| conditions or events that cause the body to react are called | stimuli |
| the _____ nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord | central |
| chemical messengers that relay impulses across nerve junctions are called | neurotransmitter |
| the ____ nervous system consists of all nerves outside the brain and the spinal cord | peripheral |
| the 12 pairs of nerves that emerge directly from the brain are collectively called | cranial nerves |
| what kind of actions are controlled by the somatic nervous system? | voluntary |
| which nerves carry light impulses from the retina to the brain? | optic nerves |
| which nerves carry sound impulses from the inner ear to the brain? | auditory nerves |
| name the thick collumn of nervous tissue that connects the brain to all parts of the body | spinal cord |
| what kind of actions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system? | involuntary |
| which nerves carry smell impulses from receptors in the nose to the brain? | olfactory nerves |
| the 31 pairs of nerves that emerge from the spinal cord segments are collectively called: | spinal nerves |
| what type of response protects your hand when it touches a hot surface? | reflex |
| that part of the brain controls the balace and coordinates body movement? | cerebellum |
| the right hemisphere of the brain controls whcih side of the body? | left |
| a neuron that carries signals from the brain to the muscles to control movement is called | motor neuron |
| a neuron that carries stimuli impulses to the brain or spinal cord is termed as | sensory neuron |
| heartbeat,breathing,and digestion are controlled by which nervous system? | autonomic |
| what part of the brain controls thought, voluntary movement,language and reasoning? | cerebrum |
| the left hemishphere of the brain controls which side of the body? | right |
| chemical messengers that relay electrical impulses across a synapse are called | neurotransmitter |
| name the tiny gap between nerve fibers where impulses pass from one neuron to another | synapse |
| what is the scientific term for a nerve cell-cell that conducts bio-electrical signals | neuron |
| neuron that carries stimuli impulses to the brain or spinal cord is termed as: | sensory neuron |
| nerve ending that recognizes a stimulus in the environment and converts it into a signal | sensory receptor |
| short bushy fibers of a neuron that recieve impulses from other neurons are called | dendrite |
| long extension of a nerve call that carries impulses to other neurons,muscles,or glands | axon |
| what part of the brain controls hunger,thirst, body temp.,and sleep cycle | hypothalamus |
| name the three protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord | meninges |
| name the part at the top of the spinal cord that controls the body's involuntary actions | brain stem |
| what specific part of the brain controls breathing,heart rate, and blood pressure | medulla |
| name the large band of neural fibers that connects the two brain hemispheres | corpus callosum |
| protective cushion of liquid that circulates in the brain and spinal cord | cerebrospinal fluid |
| progressive disease that destroys brain cells and causes muscular tremors and rigidity | parkinson's disease |
| brain disorder resulting in gradual loss of memory,reasoning,language& physical functioning | alzheimer's disease |
| abnormal growth of brain tissue that can compress and destroy healthy brain tissue | brain tumor |
| swelling of the brain due to water retention usually causing unconsciousness | cerebral edema |
| injury to the brain caused by sudden impact, usually causing unconsciousness | concussion |
| infection & inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord | meningitis |
| central nervous system disorder characterized by loss of consciousness and severe convulsions | epilepsy |
| damage to brain tissue due to sudden bleeding or blockage of blood vessels in the head | stroke |
| endocrine glands secrete directly into what area of your body | blood stream |
| to produce a response, what do hormones bind to on the surface of target cells | receptors |
| feedback mechanism that steadily increases hormone levels during stimuli is called | positive feedback |
| feedback mechanism that maintains hormone levels within is narrow ranges is called | negative feedback |
| diabetes, a common disease, is a disorder of which endocrine gland | pancreas |
| An example of a slow-acting hormone is | human growth hormone |
| the chemical product of an endocrine gland is called | hormone |
| releases hormone that controls the body's reaction to stress (fight-or-flight response) | adrenal gland |
| releases testosterone that causes development of male reproductive organs | testis |
| releases hormone that affects the wake-sleep patterns and biological rhythms | pineal gland |
| releases hormones that regulates basal metabolic rate, oxygen use, and heat production | thyroid gland |
| releases hormones including insulin that control the blood sugar level and fat metabolism | pancreas |
| releases hormone that controls the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones | parathyroid gland |
| releases estrogens and progesterone that helps developement and functioning of female reproductive system | ovary |
| releases hormone that controls growth,blood pressure,and repoductive functions & other glands | pituitary glands |
Created by:
Alayna-Nichole
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