click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 10 Vocab.
Bio2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adenine | a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleotide, pairs with thymine |
| anticodon | a region of tRNA consisitng of three bases complementary to the codon pf mRNA |
| codon | a group of three sequential nitrogen bases of an mRNA molecule |
| complementary base pair | standard arrangement of bases in nucleotides in relation to their opposite pairing |
| cytosine | a nitrogen-containing base; a pyrimidine of DNA and RNA, pairs with guanine |
| double helix | structure of DNA that resembles a spiral staircase |
| genetic code | triplets of nucleotides in mRNA that determine the sequence of amino acids in protein |
| guanine | a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleotide, pairs with cytosine |
| mRNA | the type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes |
| mutation | a change in DNA |
| protein synthesis | the formation of proteins using information coded on DNA and carried by RNA |
| replication | the process by which DNA copies itself during interphase |
| ribose | the five-carbon sugar in RNA |
| rRNA | the type of RNA found in a ribosome |
| start codon | the codon AUG which engages a ribosome to start translating an mRNA molecule |
| stop codon | causes the ribosome to stop translating mRNA; UAA, UAG, UGA |
| termination signal | a specific sequence of nucleotides that marks the end of a gene in eukaryotes |
| thymine | a nitrogen-containing base, one component of a nucleotide, pairs with adenine |
| transcription | the process in which RNA is made from DNA |
| translation | the process of converting the genetic code in RNA into the amino acid sequence that makes up a protein |
| tRNA | the type of RNA that carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes |
| uracil | a nitrogen-containg base found in RNA |