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Biol105
Study Guide Test 2- Part 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 3 classes of flatworms? | 1. Turbellaria: free-living-freshwater and marine 2.Cestoda: tapeworms-parasitic. 3. Trematoda: flukes-parasitic |
| What are the basic traits of flatworms? | Simple nervous system with cerebral ganglion. Two-way gut. Dorso-ventrally flattened. No body cavity. Regenerative ability. Simple or diminished sense organs. |
| How do marine flatworms protect themselves? | AFter eating the cnidarians, the undigisted and untriggered cnidoblasts migrate to surface of flatworm and used for defense. |
| what is the life cycle of the human liver fluke? | Refer to slide Liver Fluke |
| How are tapeworms different from flatworms? | They have no digestive system. They absorb nutrients. |
| Which phylum has the most members on Earth? | Nematoda (roundworms) |
| What is the basic anatomy of the roundworm? | One-way gut. Pseudoceolom. No obvious sense organs but can detect chemicals and possibly light. |
| What are the 3 classes of annelids. | Earthworms(oligochaeta), sea worms (polychaeta), and leeches hirundinea |
| What is the basic anatomy of annelids? | Body is segmented with contents that repeat. Body cavity lined with mesoderm. Closed circulatory system with hemoglobin. Ventral nerve cord and brain. Circular and longitudinal muscles. Limited sense organs; some have eyes. Polychaetes have "legs" |
| What class of annelids has the most species and is mostly marine? | Polychaeta |
| What is the basic body plan of a mollusk? | Foot, visceral mass, mantle, and radula. They have an open circulatory system, a coelom, and cephalization with bilateral symmetry. Refer to Mollusk Slide. |
| What are the four classes of Mollusks? | 1. Polyplacophora (chitons) 2. Gastropoda (snails and slugs) 3. Bivalvia (clams, oysters, scallops, etc.) 4. Cephalopoda (octopus, squid, nautilus) |
| What is a sea slug or nudibranch? How does it compare with a marine flatworm? | Of the phylum Gastropoda, they are extremely colorful which can resemble some marine flatworms |
| What is a humane way of getting rid of garden slugs? (the one mentioned in class) | Beer! (do an internet search to find the method) |
| What is the basic anatomy of bivalves? | Filter feed with no radula. no obvious sense organs. have muscular foot and visceral mass. etc. |
| Which Bivalve can see? | Scallops |
| Which bivalve can swim? | Scallops |
| How are pearls formed? | Small foreign objects (sand grain)is covered with many layers of shell lining as. This is a way the oyster uses to deal with the irritation. |
| What are the basic traits of cephalopods? | No shell except for Nautilus. Foot modified into tentacles. Move by “fins” on body and/or “jet propulsion”. Use dark “ink” as protection from predators. Have remarkable ability to change colors and texture(octopus) |
| Describe the eye of the nautilus,octopus,and human. | The eye of a Nautilus is a simple lens-less pinhole. For the Octopus, it is similar to verterbrates in that it has and iris, lens, retina, lid, orbit and optic ganglion. And similar general shape |
| Name three major groups of arthropods. | Arachnids, Crustaceans, and Insects |
| What is the most successful phylum on Earth? | Arthropods |
| What are the basic traits of arthropods? | Exoskeleton made of chitin. Jointed legs. Segmented. Have 6 legs or more. Found virtually in all habitats. |
| What is thought to be the "missing link" between annelids and arthopods? | The Perpatus of the Phylum Onycophora |
| What is the life cycle of a deer tick? | Refer to slide Deer Tick Life Cycle |
| Describe the horseshoe crab. | They're not crabs' more related to spiders. In the class Meristomata, have changed little over time. Have 2 pairs of eyes (later compound and medial simple). live on ocean floor eating polychaete wormss, clams, etc. No jaws; grind prey with legs. |
| How do horseshoe crabs breed? | In the spring they move into shallow water to mate. The female digs a shallow hole and deposits thousands of eggs, while the male-close behind- spreads sperm over them. |
| What is the medical importance of horseshoe crabs? | The blood is used for pharmaceutical purposes, and for medical and scientific research |
| How can you tell a spiny lobster from an American lobster? | The true lobster has claws on first four legs but no pair of horns above eyes. The Spiny lobster has a pair of horns above eyes but no claws on first four legs. |
| How can you tell a shrimp from a prawn? | Shrimp are mostly marine while prawns are freshwater |
| How can you humanely kill a lobster prior to cooking it? | Place them in a freezer prior to cooking. It puts them to "sleep" |
| What is the basic anatomy of insects? | Head,thorax,and abdomen. 3 pairs of legs. One or two pairs of wings(most). One pair antennae. One pair compound eyes. One or more ocelli-simple eyes. Ventral nerve cord and brain. Exoskeleton mostly of chitin |
| What are the two types of insect development? | Complete vs. Incomplete. Refer to Metamorphosis slide. |
| What causes malaria? | The plasmodium, a blood parasite |
| What is a good way to prevent malaria in hut-type dwellings? | The use of long-lasting, insecticide-treated bed nets. |
| What is the folk lore about the woolly bear caterpillar? | If the brown strand is thick then winter will be mild. If the brown strand is thin, then the winter will be severe. |
| How do you tell a moth from a butterfly? | A moth's wings are down and spread when still while a butterfly's are up and folded. Moths come out at night while butterflies are active during the day. (among others) |
| Are all flatworms parasitic? | NO |
| Flatworms have one opening to their gut. True of False? | True |
| Which flatworm group has the most simple body structure? | Tapeworms. |
| Which phylum has the most number of individuals? | Nematoda |
| Trichinella is caused by Annelids. True or False? | False |
| Trichinella is caused by the worm of which Phylum? | Nematoda (roundworms) |
| What type of muscles do nematodes have? | Longitudinal |
| What are the 3 castes of termites? | Worker, Soldier, and Reproductive |
| How can you tell an ant from a termite? | The front wings of an ant are longer than back winges while both pair of wings of a termite are of equal size. The body of an ant has 3 distinct segments while a termite has 2 distinct segments |
| How do protostomates differ from deuterostomates? | In Protostomes, the adult mouth develops from the first opening in the early embryo-the blastopore. In Deuterostomes, the mouth develops de novo from the area of the blastula opposite the blastopore |
| What are the 5 classes of echinoderms? | Sea stars (starfish), Brittle Stars, Sea Urchins/Sand Dollars, Sea Cucumbers, Feather Stars/Sea Lillies. |
| Do echinoderms ever show bilateral symmetry; if so, when? | Yes, during the larval stage. |
| Which of the following causes Lyme Disease? Tick, Deer, Bacterium, or Mouse | Bacterium |
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Biol_105
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