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Biology Chapter 2

QuestionAnswer
Atom Basic unit of matter
What are the different subatomic particles? Located? Charges? Protons- inside the nucleus; positive Neutrons- inside the nucleus; neutral Electrons- near/ outside the nucleus; negative
Compare the sizes of all the subatomic particles Protons and neutrons= about the same Electrons= 1/1840 the mass of proton
Why are all atoms in nature neutral? There are equal amounts of protons and electrons so their positive and negative charges balance out
Mass number Mass= protons+neutrons (no electrons)
Atomic number Number of protons/ electrons
Isotope Variations of an element's atom called when its neutral; has the same number of protons and electrons; varies in the number of neutrons
3 benefits of radioactivity 1. Determine the ages of rocks and fossils 2. Detect/ treat cancer 3. Kill bacteria that causes food to spoil
Compounds Substance formed by the chemical combination of 2 or more elements in definite proportions
Molecule Smallest unit of mass compounds that displays all the properties of that compound
Ion Atom that has a positive or negative charge
Ionic bonds When 1 or more electronics transferred from one atom to another; opposites attract
Covalent bonds When moving electrons travel about the nuclei of both atoms
What subatomic particle is involved in chemical bonding? Molecule
Can you identify the end result of both types of chemical bonds? Covalent= atoms share 2 elements Ionic= 1/ more elements are transferred from one atom to another; unbalanced
Solution All the components of a solution are evenly distributed throughout the solution
Suspension A mixture of water and non dissolved material Ex. Oreo icecream
pH scale Scale measuring how acidic or basic something is: 0-14 0-7= acids 7-14= basics
What are the ions associated with the pH scale? Which one is in greater concentration in bases? Hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. Hydroxide
Buffer a solution containing either a weak acid and its salt or a weak base and its salt, which is resistant to changes in pH.
Created by: ninjabunny0
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