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AG CHP 11 VOCAB

Genetics vocabulary for Chapter 11

QuestionAnswer
genetics the study of heredity
fertilization joining of egg and sperm cells
trait a specific characteristic, like eye color
hybrid the offspring of parents with different traits
gene factor that is passed from parnent to offspring
allele the different form of a gene, like tall or short
principle of dominance some alleles are dominant, and some are recessive
segregation seperation of alleles during meiosis
gamete egg or sperm cell
probability likehood that a particular event will occur
homozygous organism with 2 identical alleles
heterozygous organism with 2 different alleles
phenotype physical trait, what you can actually see
genotype genetic make-up, cannot be seen
Independent Assortment genes for different traits sort independently during meiosis
Incomplete Dominance the heterozygous phenotype exist somewhere in between or is a blend...like pink flowers.
Codominance Both alleles are clearly expressed at the same time, like roan cattle
Mutiple Allele 3 or more alleles exist for one trait...like blood types
polygenic traits trait controlled by 2 or more genes
homologous 2 sets of chromosomes, 1 from each parent
diploid cell containing both sets of homologous chromosomes
haploid cell containing a single set of chromosomes
meiosis process that cuts number of chromosomes in half, producing gametes
tetrad the pairing of homologous chromosomes, made up of 4 strands of DNA
crossing over sections of chromosomes are exchangesd during meiosis
zygote name of egg after fertilization
Created by: jamesweide
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