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bkx BIO102 T1 P1

BIO-102 Exam #1, Part 1: Basics of Biology

QuestionAnswer
List: 5 Properties of Life (1) cellular organization, (2) growth and reproduction, (3) heredity, (4) homeostasis, (5) metabolism
List: 13 Levels in the Hierarchy of Increasing Complexity Cellular: atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells. Organismal: tissues, organs, organ systems, organism. Population: population, species, community, ecosystem.
Define: emergent properties properties that were not present at simpler levels of organization that emerge with increasing levels of complexity
List: 5 Biological Themes (1) evolution, (2) flow of energy, (3) cooperation, (4) structure determines function, (5) homeostasis
Define: natural selection Naturally occurring survival of the fittest
Define: artificial selection Selective breeding for the sake of enhancing or exaggerating specific characteristics of a species
Define: deductive reasoning using a general principle to make every day decisions
Define: inductive reasoning using every day experiences to develop a general principle
Define: chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) a class of chemicals commonly found in aerosol propellants, cooling agents, etc. that have a severely negative impact on the ozone layer
List: 6 Steps of the Scientific Method (1) Observation, (2) Hypothesis, (3) Predictions, (4) Experiment, (5) Controls, (6) Conclusion
Define: theory a collection of related hypotheses that have been tested many times and not rejected
List: 4 Unifying Theories of Biology (1) Cell Theory: Organization of Life, (2) Gene Theory: Molecular Basis of Inheritance, (3) Theory of Heredity: Unity of Life, (4) Theory of Evolution: Diversity of Life
List: 3 Domains of Life (1) Bacteria, (2) Archaea, (3) Eukarya
Define: speciation the species-forming process
Define: biological species concept defines species as "groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations which are reproductively isolated from other such groups"
Define: reproductive isolation the condition in which populations whose members do not mate with each other or who cannot produce fertile offspring
Define: reproductive isolating mechanisms the specific barriers to reproductive success
Define: prezygotic isolating mechanism a barrier to reproduction that prevents the formation of zygotes in the first place
Define: postzygotic isolating mechanism a barrier to reproduction that prevents the proper functioning of zygotes after they have formed
List: 7 Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms (1) geographic isolation, (2) ecological isolation, (3) temporal isolation, (4) behavioral isolation, (5) mechanical isolation, (6) prevention of gamete fusion, (7) hybrid inviability or infertility
List: 4 Benefits of Biodiversity (1) All our food comes from other organisms, (2) Living organisms provide us with many useful drugs and mechanisms, (3) Biodiversity provides ecological services, (4) Biodiversity brings us many aesthetic and cultural benefits
Define: extinction the elimination of a species
Define: HIPPO Human threats to biodiversity: (1) Habitat destruction, (2) Invasive species, (3) Pollution, (4) Population, (5) Overharvesting
Created by: bamkapowxo
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