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Health & Physiology
| Question | Answer | Question | Answer |
|---|---|---|---|
| What is blood composed of? | Plasma, erythrocytes, leucocytes (phagocytes, lymphocytes) and platelets. | Define resting potential . | Electrical potential across the plasma membrane of a cell that is not conducting an impulse. |
| What arteries supply heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients? | Coronary arteries | Define action potential. | The reversal and restoration of electrical potential across the plasma membrane |
| What does the nervous system consists of and what is it compose of. | Consists: Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nerves. Compose: cells called neurons which carry rapid electrical impulses | ||
| List the three roles of testosterone in males. | - Development of prenatal genitalia - Growth of the skeletal muscle and pubic hair - Maintains sex drive during adulthood | ||
| State the seven components transported by the blood. | Nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, antibodies, urea and heat. | ||
| Distinguish between antigens and antibodies. | Antibodies: proteins that defend the body against pathogens Antigens: foreign substances which stimulate the production of antibodies. | ||
| Explain antibody production. | Each lymphocyte makes one type of antibody. Antigens bind to the antibodies. Lymphocytes make clones, the clones make more of the specific antibody. | ||
| Outline the effects of HIV. | It destroys lymphocytes, causing less antibodies in the immune system. And eventually leads to death | Outline the role of skin and mucous membranes in the defence against pathogens. | Skin: forms a physical barrier. sebaceous gland secret lactic acid and fatty acids. Mucous membranes: Mucous contains lysozyme enzyme. Mucous can be sticky and trap pathogens. |
| Define pathogen. | An organism or a virus that causes a disease | Distinguish between type I and type II diabetes | Type I: onset during childhood.β cells do not produce enough insulin. Insulin injections are needed to control glucose levels. Type II: onset after childhood. target cells become sensitive to insulin. Low carbohydrate diet can control the condition. |
| Distinguish between ventilation, gas exchange and cell respiration. | Ventilation: bringing fresh air into the alveoli and removing the stale air. Ga exchange: swapping one gas from another. Cell respiration releases energy in the form of ATP so that energy can be used inside the cell. | Describe the features of alveoli that adapt them to gas exchange. | - Great numbers increase the surface area for gas exchange - wall made up of single layer cells - dense network of capillaries whihc have low oxygen and high carbon dioxide concentration. |
Created by:
lminogue
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