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The transport system

QuestionAnswer
6.2.2 What is the role of coronary arteries? supply heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients
6.2.6 What is blood composed of? plasma, erythrocytes, leucocytes (phagocytes and lymphocytes) and platelets
6.2.7 What are transported by blood? nutrients,oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, antibodies, urea and heat
What is double circulation? Blood passess twice through the heart in each complete circulation
6.2.5 Explain the relationship between the structure and function of arteries Thick outer layer of longitudinal collagen and elastic fibres prevents leaks and bulges. Thick wall and narrow lumen withstands high pressure. Thick layers of circular elastic fibres and muscle fibres to pump blood.
6.2.5 Explain the relationship between the structure and function of veins Thin layer with few circular elastic fibres and muscle fibres as blood does not flow in pulses. Thin outer layer of longitudinal collagen and elastic fibers as pressure is low. Wide lumen to accomodate the slow flowing blood.
6.2.5 Explain the relationship between the structure and function of capillaries Wall is one cell layer thick so distance for diffusion is small. Pores allow plasma to leak out and form tissue fluid. Phagocytes can also pass through pores. Very narrow lumen so that many can fit in a small space.
6.2.4 What is myogenic muscle contraction? The heart muscle can contract by itself, without the stimulation of a nerve
6.2.4 What is a pacemaker? What controls the pacemaker? The region that initiates each myogenic muscle contraction which is found in the wall of the right atrium The pacemaker is under the influence of nerves and adrenaline.
6.2.4 Outline the role of nerves and adrenaline in the control of the heart beat. Nerves carry messages from the medulla of the brain to the pacemaker and speeds up/slows down the beating of the heart. Adrenaline (epinephrine) is carried by the blood and once it reaches the pacemaker it signals it to increase the beating of the heart.
6.2.3 Where do atria collect blood from? Right atrium: superior and inferior vena cava Left atrium: pulmonary veins
6.2.3 Explain the actions of the heart in terms of collecting blood, pumping blood and opening and closing valves Atria collect blood from veins. Atria contract, atrioventricular valves open. Blood is pumped into ventricles. Ventricle contracts, atrioventricular valves close and semilunar valves open. Blood is pumped into arteries, semilunar valves close.
6.2.1 State the four chambers and associated blood vessels Right atrium (superior vena cava) Right ventricle (pulmonary artery) Left atrium (pulmonary vein) Left ventricle (Aorta)
6.2.5 What are the three types of vessel in the circulation system? Arteries: carry blood away from heart veins: carry blood back to heart capillaries: fine networks of tiny tubles linking arteries and veins
6.2.6 What is the difference of lymphocytes and phagocytes? Lymphocytes form antibodies while phagocytes ingest bacteria
Created by: ashley940326
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