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Chapter2

QuestionAnswer
atom smallest basic unit of matter
element one particular type of atom
compound substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio
ionic bond forms through the electrial force between oppositely charged ions
covalent bond forms when atoms share a pair of electrons
molecule two or more atoms held togerther by covalent bonds
hydrogen bond an attraction between a slightly - hydrogen atom and a slightly + hydrogen atom
cohesion the attraction among molecules of a substance
adhesion the attraction among molecules of a different substance
solution a mixture of substances that is the same through-out
solvent dissolve other substance
solute dissolve in a solvent
acid a compound that releases a proton when it dissolves in water (Low PH)
base a compound that removes a proton from a solution (high PH)
PH a solutions acidity, or H+ ion concentration i smeasured by a pH scale
monomer each sub unit in the complete molecule
polymer a large molecule or a macromolecule made of many monomers bonded together
carbohydrate molecules comosed of carbon, hydrogen, andoxygen. they include sugar and starches
lipid nonpolar molecules that include fats oils and cholesterol
fatty acid chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms
protein a polymer made of monomers called amino acids
amino acid molecules that contain hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfer
nucleic acid polymers that are made up of the monomers called nucleotides
chemical reaction change substances into different substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds
reactant the substances changed during a chemical reaction
product the substances made by a chemicacl reaction
bond energy the amount of energy that will break a bond between two atoms
equilibrium reached when both the reactions and products are made at the same rate
activation energy the amount of energy that needs to be absorbed for a chemical reaction to start
exothermic chemical reaction releases more energy then absorbed
endothermic chemical reaction absorbs more energy than it releases
catalyst a substance taht decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemiccal reaction
enzyme catalysts for chemical reactions in living things
substrate specific reactions that an enzyme acts on
Created by: cottonalayna
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